The main objectives of urinary stones after clinical treatment are to maximize stone removal, control urinary tract infection and protect renal function. Therefore, the stone-free rate, the occurrence of distant complications and the recovery of renal function are the main items of clinical follow-up review. (1) Stone-free rate: Regular (1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months) review of radiographs, ultrasound or CT scan and comparison with preoperative period can confirm the stone-free rate of various treatment methods. (2) Long-term complications: The types of possible complications vary among different treatment methods. Among them, the long-term complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy are mainly loss of renal function, perirenal effusion, recurrent urinary tract infection, collecting system stenosis, ureteral stenosis and stone recurrence; the long-term complications of combined treatment are mainly loss of renal function, recurrent urinary tract infection, residual stone growth and stone recurrence; the long-term complications of simple ESWL The long-term complications of ESWL alone include loss of renal function and stone recurrence; the long-term complications of open surgery include urinary leakage, ureteral obstruction, renal atrophy, stone recurrence and recurrent urinary tract infections. Paying attention to regular postoperative review is helpful to detect the existence of complications as early as possible. (3) Renal function: The excretory urography should be reviewed 3 months to 6 months after surgery to understand the recovery of renal function. Patients with urinary tract stones can be broadly divided into two categories: uncomplicated and relatively complicated. The first category includes patients with initial stones that have been expelled and patients with mild recurrent stones, while the second category includes patients with complicated conditions, frequent recurrence of stones, residual stones in the kidney after treatment, or the presence of significant risk factors that induce stone recurrence. The first group of patients does not require follow-up, while the second group of patients should be followed up. The follow-up visits are mainly for metabolic monitoring of stone activity. The purpose of calcium measurement is mainly to identify hyperparathyroidism and other disorders associated with hypercalcemia. If the calcium concentration is ≥ 2.6 mmol/L, hyperparathyroidism can be diagnosed by repeated calcium measurements and after checking parathyroid hormones. The practice of collecting two repeated 24-h urine specimens for testing is recommended to improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of abnormal urine composition. In addition, other practices such as collecting urine specimens at 12h, 16h, 17h, or even at some point in the morning for analysis can also be used for satisfactory diagnostic purposes. If the pH of fasting morning urine (or a morning specimen) is >5.8, complete or incomplete renal tubular acidosis should be suspected. Likewise, fasting morning urine or urine specimens from a point in the morning can be subjected to bacteriological examination and cystine determination. The purpose of measuring serum potassium concentration is mainly to provide additional basis for the diagnosis of tubulointerstitial acidosis.