Hyperbaric oxygen therapy has been widely used in clinical practice for more than 30 years, and most county hospitals are now equipped with oxygen chambers, with more than 4,000 oxygen chambers nationwide. However, the role played by hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the clinic is very different. The reason for this is the lack of knowledge, resulting in the use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy can not be used; secondly, the use of improper methods, resulting in poor efficacy. First, change the traditional mode of thinking, accept hyperbaric oxygen: a few years ago, Phoenix TV host Liu Hai Ruo in the United Kingdom after traumatic brain injury, was diagnosed as brain death by local doctors, Xuanwu Hospital, Professor Ling Feng went to the consultation will be the patient back to the Xuanwu Hospital, every day in addition to the conventional treatment, arranged for two medical staff into the cabin monitoring, adherence to the hyperbaric oxygen therapy for 87 times, the patient finally not only woke up, and restored the ability to live. In fact, such an example is often seen in the hyperbaric oxygen community. Public security, a secondary school student surnamed Fan, traumatic brain injury after 40 days did not wake up, by the management of the doctor in the “Jianghan wind” column about this patient that no hope of awakening, but the patient adhered to the hyperbaric oxygen therapy 53 times, but also successfully woke up and go to school again. The author in Beijing for further study, managed a 78-year-old elderly patients, lower limb atherosclerosis occlusive disease, the left lower limb for 2 consecutive high amputation incision does not heal, then in charge of the patient’s doctor in the third amputation of the patient immediately after the transfer to the hyperbaric oxygen section, timely addition and adhere to hyperbaric oxygen therapy, 20 days after the incision intermittent suture removal successful healing. There were two newborns, due to infusion leakage caused extensive skin and soft tissue injury, part of the obvious necrosis, conventional treatment for three days still no significant improvement, the doctor thought of hyperbaric oxygen therapy, the first treatment can be seen on the traumatic surface of the red, a course of treatment is basically cured. There is a junior student winter vacation, carbon monoxide poisoning at home, the student lives in the city there are several hospitals with hyperbaric oxygen chamber, but the student’s home near the hospital does not have a hyperbaric oxygen chamber, the student into the hospital, the first doctor is not to let the patient be referred to a hospital with hyperbaric oxygen chamber of the hospital rescue, but the income of this hospital does not have a hyperbaric oxygen for drug treatment, a week after discharge, the results of 2 weeks after the occurrence of delayed encephalopathy with mental retardation. There are many such cases, because the first doctor does not know hyperbaric oxygen, plus in order to generate income, no matter whether it can be treated or not, first admitted to the ward. The author has summarized an article about delayed encephalopathy of CO poisoning published in the Journal of Clinical Emergency Medicine, among the 58 cases of delayed encephalopathy that we received, 48 cases came from outside hospitals and did not receive hyperbaric oxygen therapy due to the lack of an oxygen chamber; there were another 6 cases that were not treated with formal hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and there were only 2 cases that came from patients who had been treated with formal hyperbaric oxygen therapy in our hospital. This fully demonstrates the important role of hyperbaric oxygen in the prevention of delayed encephalopathy of CO poisoning. Although the mechanism of hyperbaric oxygen therapy is not particularly clear, its role in correcting local tissue hypoxia is very clear and cannot be replaced by conventional therapy. It has been said that the essence of traditional “activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis” is to improve the oxygen supply of local tissues, and hyperbaric oxygen is a more direct way to improve the oxygen supply. Correcting tissue edema and promoting damage repair derived from improving oxygen supply are of special significance in the treatment of many diseases. Such as serious trauma caused by severe edema of the limbs, the addition of hyperbaric oxygen can reduce tissue necrosis, may change the prognosis; diabetic foot with hyperbaric oxygen therapy, may save some patients from the pain of amputation; difficult to heal wounds or bone fractures with hyperbaric oxygen therapy, may be able to achieve the conventional thought of the unexpected efficacy. In recent years, it is found that hyperbaric oxygen therapy can increase the number of stem cells in the body by 8 times, which may have a positive effect in tissue repair. Second, follow the correct use of methods, with a good hyperbaric oxygen: in the use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy, the appropriate timing of treatment, the correct frequency of treatment, adequate treatment course is a prerequisite for obtaining good therapeutic effect. The therapeutic effect of hyperbaric oxygen can be summarized into three forms: etiological therapy, symptomatic therapy, and rehabilitation therapy. Only timely treatment can produce the etiologic therapeutic effect, more timely treatment can produce the symptomatic therapeutic effect, if the treatment is not timely will only produce the rehabilitation therapeutic effect. The prognosis of the patient is completely different with these three effects. If the etiological role of hyperbaric oxygen therapy, its rapid entry into force, can be immediate, miraculous effect, the prognosis is very good, without sequelae; more timely symptomatic treatment is mainly to correct the local tissue edema, ischemia and hypoxia, to reduce necrosis of the tissue, often can show a better therapeutic effect; if it is not timely hyperbaric oxygen therapy, the efficacy of the emergence of a slower, longer course of treatment can be seen in part of the efficacy of the most likely The prognosis is poor, usually with different degrees of sequelae There was a 14-year-old girl with CO poisoning who was in a coma for 2 days before she was transferred to our hospital to receive hyperbaric oxygen therapy, but eventually failed to wake up due to severe brain damage. Although hyperbaric oxygen has an immediate etiologic effect on CO poisoning, 50% of the patients will be awake at the first treatment, and the success rate of rescue can reach 97.2%. However, the key to successful treatment is the timing of the treatment. Emergency hyperbaric oxygen therapy within 24 hours after leaving the scene, especially within 6 hours, is particularly important for severe poisoning. Otherwise, the discharge of slow retention of CO in the body will lead to serious multi-organ damage, including brain tissue. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for traumatic brain injury is recognized as an indication of good efficacy, but generally should be started in the presence of brain tissue edema stage of treatment, to play its symptomatic therapeutic role, can be timely to save the dying brain cells, significantly reduce the sequelae, the efficacy of the better; however, if the treatment is too late, the brain cell necrosis and softening, hyperbaric oxygen intervention, although it still has the role of promoting neurological rehabilitation, but the effect of the slow, the effect is very little. Dissected wound replantation anastomosis, skin flap transplantation with hyperbaric oxygen has a very good therapeutic effect, can improve the oxygen supply of local tissues, promote wound healing, reduce the rate of necrosis of dissected tissues, improve the survival rate of the skin flap, but we often see is the distal tissues necrosis only to the exploratory hyperbaric oxygen therapy, hyperbaric oxygen does not have the ability to revive the dead, it should be early in the postoperative period or the emergence of ischemic signs of immediate hyperbaric oxygen therapy! In order to achieve a good therapeutic effect. In addition, the course of treatment is extremely important for hyperbaric oxygen therapy. It is reported that most of the patients with sudden deafness start to show the effect in 7 to 8 times, and the best effect is achieved in 20 to 30 times; the awakening rate is the highest in 70 to 90 times of continuous vegetative state treatment, and it can reach 39.2%; therefore, it is not advisable to give up the treatment easily. Some studies believe that cerebral infarction treatment for 30 times, spinal cord injury treatment for 50 times can achieve better efficacy, the difference between the efficacy and the control group is significant. The practical experience in the past 30 years tells us that the correct and reasonable use of hyperbaric oxygen and good use of hyperbaric oxygen are very necessary, which can solve many problems that can not be solved by the clinical routine thinking, and better play its clinical role.