(Disclaimer: This article is only for popularization of science, in order to protect the patient’s privacy, the relevant information in the following content has been processed) Abstract: A 65-year-old male patient, because of the double lower extremity edema, accompanied by wheezing and coughing after activity, so he came to our hospital for medical treatment. After inquiring about the history of chronic bronchitis and communicating with the patient and his family, he underwent electrocardiography, B-type natriuretic peptide precursor assay, trace element assay, and lung CT, which showed abnormal results and led to the diagnosis of chronic respiratory failure, and he was discharged from the hospital with improvement of his symptoms after drug treatment. 【Basic information】 Male, 65 years old 【Disease type】 Chronic respiratory failure 【Hospitalization】 The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University 【Date of consultation】 May 2022 【Treatment plan】 Intravenous injection (deacetyl furfurazone injection, torasemide injection) + oral medication (nitroglycerin tablets, potassium chloride slow-release tablets) 【Treatment cycle】 Hospitalization for 7 days, long-term follow-up 【Treatment effect】 The patient was swollen, The patient’s symptoms of edema and wheezing disappeared and his condition stabilized. I. Initial Consultation The first time I saw the patient, he had obvious edema of both lower limbs, slow gait with wheezing, and was assisted by his family. Family members reported that the patient had a history of chronic bronchitis without underlying diseases such as coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus. After communicating with the patient and his family, he agreed to undergo relevant examinations to clarify the diagnosis, and an electrocardiogram was prescribed for the patient. The results of the electrocardiogram indicated sinus rhythm, pulmonary P waves, and frequent atrial premature; the B-type natriuretic peptide precursor was 16,224.8 pg/mL, which was significantly higher than normal; and the biochemistry showed that the blood potassium was 3.3 mmol/L, which was lower than normal, and the preliminary diagnosis of chronic respiratory failure was made, and the patient and his family agreed to be admitted to the hospital. After communicating with the patient’s family, he agreed to be admitted to the hospital for treatment. The patient was admitted to the hospital because he was suffocating, so he was given nasal cannula oxygen therapy to improve his symptoms. Cardiac monitoring was performed to monitor vital signs and blood oxygen concentration. Deacetylphlorizin injection was used for intravenous infusion to enhance myocardial contractility, and torasemide injection was used to promote fluid excretion, reduce cardiac load, and alleviate the symptoms of pulmonary stasis. Oral nitroglycerin tablets dilate the cardiovascular and improve blood flow. Because of the diuretic at the same time in the excretion of potassium ions in the body, the patient himself also exists in the potassium deficiency phenomenon, so it is given to oral potassium chloride slow-release tablets for supplementation. However, blood potassium concentration should be monitored to avoid hyperkalemia caused by oversupplementation of potassium or aggravation of hypokalemia due to insufficient supplementation. After 2 days of combined oxygen therapy and drug treatment, the patient’s symptoms of wheezing improved significantly, and the swelling of both lower limbs was better than before. Blood sampling and re-checking of potassium concentration was still lower than normal, but the patient’s symptoms were better than before, suggesting that the treatment was effective, and the treatment was continued. After 7 days of systemic treatment, the patient’s symptoms of wheezing and swelling of both lower limbs disappeared, and she had no obvious discomfort after light activities, and her general condition was good. After reviewing the blood potassium concentration, the patient was discharged from the hospital at the patient’s request. The patient was discharged from the hospital because of timely medical checkup, the indicators were slightly lower than normal value, so the condition was better controlled after a short period of medication, and I was heartily happy for the patient, but it was suggested to pay attention to the following matters after discharge: 1, daily attention should be paid to avoiding heavy physical labor or strenuous exercise, and gentle exercise such as taking a walk and playing Tai Chi can be carried out moderately; 2, pay attention to the control of the amount of water consumption, including drinking water, gruel and soup. 2, pay attention to control the amount of drinking water, including drinking water, porridge, soup food, at the same time, limit the intake of salt, so as not to cause swelling due to fluid retention; 3, should ensure a light diet, can increase the intake of nutrient-rich foods, such as eggs, lean meat, milk, etc., and should also increase the intake of fruits and vegetables, but avoid overfeeding, so as not to aggravate the burden of the digestive tract induced by the disease. V. Personal Insights The patient, who had been in relatively good health in the past, sought medical treatment soon after the onset of symptoms, followed the arrangements for systematic examination and regular medication, and his symptoms were under control after only a short period of time, which made me feel very happy and relieved. Fortunately, the patient had no history of smoking or drinking alcohol, which avoided the negative factors that triggered the underlying disease, and the recurrence of symptoms could be avoided as much as possible by paying attention to maintenance in the future. Therefore, if symptoms such as swelling of both lower limbs and wheezing after activity occur, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible to avoid delay in treatment.