Because bilateral nongranulomatous anterior uveitis is not characteristic of this syndrome, care should be taken to exclude other causes of anterior uveitis and other specific types of uveitis in these patients, the main ones being juvenile chronic arthritis with uveitis, sarcoidosis-like uveitis and Sjögren’s syndrome, and seronegative vertebral joint lesions. Juvenile chronic arthritis with uveitis occurs most often in children and adolescents and in females. Uveitis also presents as bilateral nongranulomatous inflammation, which is similar to the presentation of the uveitis syndrome in tubulointerstitial nephritis, but the former often has a history of arthritis (mainly of the knee and ankle joints). Complications such as banded corneal degeneration, complicated cataracts and secondary glaucoma are often present, antinuclear antibodies are mostly positive, and patients do not have abnormal laboratory tests for renal damage, all of which help to differentiate the two diseases. Sarcoidosis can cause kidney damage and uveitis, and immunoglobulin levels tend to be increased, similar to those caused by tubulointerstitial nephritis uveitis syndrome. However, the uveitis caused by sarcoidosis is more often granulomatous anterior or total uveitis, and most often causes hilar lymph node enlargement and pulmonary lesions, and elevated serum angiotensin-converting enzyme and lysozyme levels, all of which contribute to the differential diagnosis. Sjögren’s syndrome often presents as interstitial nephritis, and some patients are positive for antinuclear antibodies, rheumatoid factor, and anti-DNA antibodies, which are similar to tubulointerstitial nephritis, but it usually occurs between 30 and 50 years of age, and the ocular manifestations are mainly ocular dryness rather than uveitis, and it is generally not difficult to make a differential diagnosis based on these.