A number of older adults, recently, have been coming to the geriatric clinic for consultations and asking questions about osteoporosis. Some ask, “I’ve been taking calcium supplements, how come I still have osteoporosis?” Some said, “I just had a physical examination and my blood calcium was not low on the lab report, how come I still have osteoporosis?” Others asked, “The doctor gave me calcium to treat osteoporosis, but why did he prescribe calcitonin?” These questions show the concern for calcium supplementation and the importance of treating osteoporosis. It also reflects from another side the importance of popularizing the series of knowledge about calcium, calcium deficiency, bone loss, osteoporosis and bone pain. Medically speaking, the body takes calcium from dietary items, absorbs it through the stomach and intestines, and where does it go? Obviously to the blood, after which, through the mechanism of calcium metabolism and absorption, mainly by osteoblasts, most of the calcium is absorbed and deposited into the bones. Osteoporosis is a disruption of the balance between bone resorption and bone formation, with bone resorption prevailing and bone volume decreasing. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts are two types of cells unique to bone tissue, acting on bone under the action of hormones and cytokines, etc., and are important core cells in the process of bone metabolism. When the calcium in the diet decreases, obviously there is not enough raw calcium for gastrointestinal absorption, and theoretically, the calcium in the blood is going to decrease. But the body is a very dense whole, at this time, in order to maintain the relative stability of the calcium content of the blood, the role of osteoclasts should be activated, the role of osteoclasts should be greater than the role of osteoblasts, manifested as an increase in bone resorption, bone formation decreased, so that the calcium from the bones dissolved into the blood, thus maintaining the relative balance of blood calcium. The persistence of this situation, where calcium in the diet is not supplied in a timely manner, inevitably leads to a doubling of the work of osteoclasts and continued active bone resorption, resulting in a decrease in bone mass (increased calcium entry into the blood) and even osteoporosis. Therefore, it can be seen that in order to treat osteoporosis, it is necessary to focus on the following three steps, or three links: The first link: replenishing raw materials, that is, increasing and replenishing calcium in the diet. On this point, you can use more calcium-rich foods, such as a high-protein diet, seafood, etc. If the diet can not be satisfied, you can also use the method of eating calcium tablets, calcium supplementation. The second link: to promote absorption. It is to ensure that the gastrointestinal can well complete the absorption of calcium from drinking food. Since vitamin D plays a prominent role in this link, the absorption of calcium can be promoted by means of proper vitamin D supplementation. In addition, patients with gastrointestinal diseases and chronic diarrhea should be treated for gastrointestinal diseases to ensure good gastrointestinal function to meet the task of calcium absorption. The third link: inhibit bone breaking. Calcitonin can be used to inhibit the effect of osteoclasts in the body, reduce bone resorption, promote the function of osteoblasts, increase bone formation, and accelerate the deposition of calcium toward the bones. Generally speaking, as long as the above three steps are followed and the above three links are grasped, calcium supplementation can be successful and the treatment of osteoporosis can definitely achieve better therapeutic results.