Thyroid nodules are usually found during physical examination and can be clearly diagnosed through relevant examinations, which are as follows: 1. Ultrasound examination of thyroid gland: it can show that the nodules are solid, cystic or mixed lesions, but it is less valuable to distinguish benign and malignant nodules; 2. Serological examination: abnormal thyroid function cannot exclude thyroid cancer, but it indicates that it is less likely to have hyperthyroidism or reduced TSH, which both suggest Autonomous functional thyroid adenoma, nodule or toxic multinodular goiter; 3. Nuclear scan: The scan is less significant in distinguishing benign and malignant lesions. Most benign and malignant parenchymal nodules are hypofunctional relative to the surrounding normal glandular tissue. Therefore, the detection of cold nodules is rarely specific, and the overlapping uptake of nuclei from surrounding normal glandular tissue can miss small nodules; 4. Fine needle aspiration cytology: i.e., FNA, which is useful for nodule management. The widespread use of this method has greatly reduced unnecessary thyroid surgery, improved the detection rate of intraoperative malignancy, and reduced the cost of thyroid nodule management; 5. Neck x-ray: nodules with Fine or sand-like calcifications on nodules may be sand-like bodies of papillary carcinoma. Large and irregular calcifications can be seen in degenerative nodular goiter or thyroid cancer. If infiltration or deformation is seen in the tracheal image, it suggests a malignant lesion.