For example, abortion, uterine evacuation, IUD removal, hysteroscopy and treatment, hysterosalpingography and fluids interventions, etc. are all prone to local trauma adhesions or dysfunction. Especially abortion and hysteroscopy treatment, to dilate the cervical opening, but also repeatedly in and out; with the tail wire of the ring, the tail wire is left in the cervical canal, but also exposed outside the cervical opening, so as to easily remove, not only their own stimulation of the endocervical canal lining, and in sexual contact more likely to rub the cervical opening epithelial tissue. The cervical opening dilates only with pain, and the fetus can be delivered only when the opening is large enough to pass the largest part of the fetus’ head, which usually takes 10 hours. In case of an emergency delivery (total labor less than 3 hours) or surgical delivery (delivery with forceps or head aspirator), the cervical opening is more likely to be damaged. After the cervical laceration, the lighter the local tissue resistance decreases, infection is easy to occur, and even mutation occurs, the heavier the case causes hemorrhage at that time, and later the endogastric insufficiency is easy to miscarry and preterm delivery. ③The exposed part of the cervix is in the vagina Under normal circumstances, the cervix has a variety of defense functions, including mucosal immunity, humoral immunity and cellular immunity, and is an important line of defense to prevent pathogens from the lower genital tract from entering the upper genital tract. In particular, the cervical canal is blocked by a cervical mucus plug, which is a natural barrier and is the most useful for a woman’s own defense against vaginal acidity and contaminants. However, the exposed part of the cervix is in the vaginal part, called the cervicovaginal part, which is susceptible to lesions by the vaginal environment in addition to the impact of sexual intercourse. ④ Histological factors of the cervical os are important factors in the development of cervical cancer. The squamous epithelium (epidermis like fish scale) of the vaginal part of the cervix is continuous with the squamous epithelium of the vagina, and the cervical canal is columnar epithelium (epidermal cells shaped like small pillars), both of which migrate at the cervical orifice. The mucosa of the vaginal part of the cervix, like the vaginal mucosa, is a compound squamous epithelium, which is resistant to corrosion with periodic peeling and has strong self-defense; the endocervical canal is a single layer of columnar epithelium, which is not only poorly resistant to infection, but also constantly migrates under the influence of estrogen. When there is more estrogen, the columnar epithelium grows outward, and the appearance can be seen, as in celiac disease, but there is no secretion on the wound surface, so it is easy to confuse with cervical erosion; when there is less estrogen, the columnar epithelium retracts, and the original outwardly migrated columnar epithelium evolves into squamous epithelium. During the process of metamorphosis, the cells themselves will mutate, and the tissue in the metamorphic area is delicate and metabolically active, so it is susceptible to malignant changes from external environmental influences, such as sperm, semen histone and human papilloma virus (HPV) stimulation. Estrogen levels are constantly changing throughout a woman’s life, with high levels during puberty and pregnancy and low levels in adolescent girls and the elderly, and these changes can affect the changes in the cervical mucosa. ⑤ In summary Cervical cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women. Clinically, cervical cancer is seen to occur in the cervical os, the medically known migratory zone (transformation zone), the part between the original squamocolumnar junction and the newly formed squamocolumnar junction. Generally, it can be seen through colposcopy (magnification varies from 9x to 22x) and lesions are found in this area; if not, the examination involves scratching the cervical canal to obtain abnormal tissue.