Patients with thyroid nodules are more common. They should pay attention to controlling iodine intake in their daily diet, pay attention to a light diet, and pay attention to a regular diet. Too much or too little iodine intake can stimulate the thyroid tissue, leading to abnormal growth of the thyroid tissue and the development of thyroid nodules. First of all, we need to improve the examination and clarify the patient’s condition according to the ultrasound of the thyroid gland and thyroid function indicators, and then carry out treatment according to the patient’s condition and adjust the daily diet. Hyperthyroidism patients can consider not eating iodized salt, or cooking extraction into iodized salt, iodine will evaporate after heating, so as to reduce iodine intake, daily try not to eat seafood, especially kelp, seaweed, sea fish, etc., daily attention to avoid the stimulation of tobacco and alcohol, avoid spicy stimulating food. Hypothyroidism patients should pay attention to the need for appropriate iodine supplementation, which can be done by using iodized salt, eating seafood, etc., and also need to supplement thyroxine according to the level of thyroxine. It is also important to avoid the stimulation of alcohol and tobacco. In addition, in addition to dietary matters that need attention, it is also important to pay attention to blood sugar control, weight control, and proper exercise, all of which can reduce thyroid irritation factors and try to ensure a stable condition.