A small number of patients still have pain and discomfort in the scrotum after varicocele surgery, and the common reasons for this are analyzed as follows: A group of patients can be found to have epididymitis, vasovaginitis, prostatitis, etc. through physical examination, and their postoperative pain level is often severe in degree. Through careful questioning of medical history, most of them also have these symptoms before surgery, and very few of them may also be related to intraoperative testicular artery injury or perioperative catheterization, etc. Varicocele surgery only addresses varicose veins and does not in itself treat inflammation of these genital organs, so postoperative pain does not improve. In our clinical work, we have encountered many cases in which there were no signs of recurrence of spermatic veins on ultrasound review, and the pain was not typical of scrotal swelling due to varicocele, and the symptoms would gradually disappear after targeted treatment. After conventional high ligation, some patients may develop scrotal edema and syringomyelia because the lymphatic vessels are blocked. The degree of scrotal pain is mostly not severe. It is not difficult to detect on examination and ultrasonography. Psychological factors. Excessive fear of postoperative recurrence and other anxiety often magnifies the degree of scrotal discomfort without realizing it. Postoperative recurrence of varicocele. The recurrence is late, and it appears as a typical discomfort of scrotal swelling after standing or sitting for a long time, which is relieved after lying down. The most important thing to look for is the presence of reflux in the spermatic veins by ultrasound Doppler, not just the width of the internal diameter. Microligation is more complete and has the lowest recurrence rate because it deals with both the external spermatic vein and the testicular drainage vein. The few that are secondary preoperatively are not taken into account. Therefore, postoperative scrotal pain and discomfort does not necessarily indicate recurrence of varicocele. By careful identification, the true cause of the pain can usually be found.