Globally, prostate cancer ranks second among common cancers in men, after lung cancer, and the concern is that the incidence of prostate cancer is also on the rise in our country. Recognizing and studying preventable causative factors can be effective in reducing the number of patients. The risk of developing prostate cancer increases with age. It is estimated that genetic factors can cause 5-9% of prostate cancer patients. For patients with the BRCA2 gene mutation, the risk of prostate cancer is five times higher than for those without the gene mutation. Despite extensive research, however, these genetic risks are not preventable factors. Considering the differences in PSA screening rates in the population might help to identify a certain etiology related to compounds such as arsenic and cadmium, anabolic steroids, ionizing radiation as likely causative factors, and lycopene, carrots and soy to reduce the incidence of prostate cancer. Blood PSA test is a more common test for prostate cancer at this stage. PSA screening may detect some prostate cancers that are less malignant, which may lead to overtreatment. The PSA test is probably the most useful test and may be considered in combination with other tests to avoid the problem of overtreatment. There may be some side effects of prostate cancer treatment, such as urinary incontinence and sexual dysfunction. Male patients with lesser malignancy desire to avoid treatment so as not to compromise quality of life. It has been documented that between 2010 and 2013, a number of low-risk prostate cancer patients in the United States had their prostate removed, and 40% had the option of ongoing observation and monitoring. The search for a new screening tool that can accurately distinguish highly malignant and aggressive prostate cancers and a better surveillance technique that can allow patients with low-risk prostate cancer to survive without treatment are directions for urologic oncology research. Once prostate cancer metastasizes to lymph nodes and bone, then the prognosis becomes worse. The five-year survival rate for metastatic prostate cancer is only one-third that of localized prostate cancer, so most experts consider progressive prostate cancer to be incurable. Treatment for progressive prostate cancer (or advanced prostate cancer) has been around for more than a decade, and the most common treatment is debulking, which includes medication or surgical debulking (castration). This is effective in stopping disease progression for about 2-3 years until desmoid resistance occurs. Treatments for desmoid-resistant prostate cancer are being investigated with drugs such as abiraterone and docetaxel. We are eager to find new ideas that can treat desmoresistant prostate cancer in the future.