More than 500,000 new cases of cervical cancer occur each year worldwide, and more than 200,000 women die from cervical cancer. Most studies have shown that the number of recent sexual partners, frequency of intercourse, and the presence of genital warts in a woman’s partner are closely related to HPV infection. The HPV virus, the biggest culprit of cervical cancer, is being tackled by major research and development institutes and pharmaceutical companies. For the time being, there is no cervical cancer vaccine available on the mainland, and the nearest one is available in Hong Kong. The cervical cancer vaccine (HPV vaccine) is the first human vaccine to prevent malignant tumors. The HPV vaccine protects against the human papillomavirus (HPV) mutations in the human body. hpv vaccine protects against four subtypes including hpv6,11,16,18, of which 16 and 18 are high-risk HPV viruses and 6 and 11 are low-risk viruses, preventing cervical cancer, vaginal cancer, vulvar cancer and genital warts and other related diseases caused by these four viruses. Of these four variants, two have a 75% chance of causing cervical cancer in women, while the other two have a 50% chance of causing other reproductive diseases. There are only two HPV vaccines available worldwide, the quadrivalent (types 6, 11, 16, and 18) HPV vaccine from Mercer and the bivalent (types 16 and 18) HPV vaccine from GlaxoSmithKline. This vaccine does not treat pre-existing HPV infections, warts, pre-cancer or cancer. The vaccine also does not protect against diseases not caused by HPV. Age of vaccination Some countries have approved the vaccine for adolescent girls, young women (9-26 years) and adolescent boys (9-15 years), and even for middle-aged women (under 45 years), based on the results of immunological bridging trials, and nearly 30 countries are supporting the HPV vaccine with public funds to promote universal vaccination. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) considers the age of people who can get HPV vaccine protection to be 9-26 years old, and the most appropriate age for vaccination is 11-12 years old. The results of several clinical trials of both vaccines have been summarized and show that both vaccines have shown high long-term effectiveness (>95%) in preventing precancerous cervical cancer and cervical cancer in women who have not yet been infected with HPV, and that the quadrivalent vaccine is also highly effective (100%) in preventing genital lesions caused by related HPV. The two vaccines have been marketed in 80 to 100 countries worldwide and have been approved for use in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, China; meanwhile, in view of the high efficacy and safety of the HPV vaccine in global use, phase III clinical trials are being actively conducted in mainland China to obtain early FDA approval for its early release.