Gallstone disease, also known as biliary stone disease or cholelithiasis, is a common disease of the biliary system and is a general term for gallstones and bile duct stones (intrahepatic and extrahepatic). The biliary system is designed to transport, store, concentrate, and excrete bile. Therefore, if there is any variation in the structure of the biliary system or in the composition of bile, solid crystalline “gallstones” may form in any part of the biliary system, causing obstruction of the bile duct and further stimulating cancerous lesions in the biliary system. Gallstones are harmful to the human body in the following ways: 1. Acute cholecystitis: Sometimes the stones are caused by the rotation of the body position or eating greasy food, causing the gallbladder to contract and force the stones to block the gallbladder duct, causing acute cholecystitis. Biliary colic, pus accumulation in the gallbladder, even necrosis, perforation, diffuse biliary peritonitis, shock and life-threatening. 2, obstructive jaundice: gallstones can sometimes enter the common bile duct on their own or under the effect of drug therapy, secondary to choledocholithiasis, once the stone is embedded, biliary colic, chills, fever, generalized yellow staining, septic infection shock can occur. 3, gallstone pancreatitis: epidemiological surveys show that in Germany, France and other Western European countries, about 40% of pancreatitis is caused by gallstone disease; Greece, Italy and other countries, this proportion rises to 75%; in China, 50%-80% of pancreatitis is caused by gallstone disease. Gallstone pancreatitis is often a very serious hemorrhagic or necrotizing pancreatitis. And many cases of gallstones combined with pancreatitis often rarely recur after removal of the gallbladder. This fully illustrates that gallstone disease and the onset of pancreatitis are indeed related. 4, gallbladder heart syndrome: gallstones lead to gallbladder lesions through the excitation of visceral sympathetic nerves, so that the heart coronary artery spasm, resulting in a decrease in coronary blood volume, so that angina pectoris occurs, called the “bile-heart syndrome”. 5, cause gallbladder cancer: According to relevant research data, about 70%-80% of gallbladder cancer is accompanied by stones, and it is believed that gallstones are a precancerous lesion of gallbladder cancer. Some scholars point out that the risk of gallbladder cancer is 6-15 times higher for patients with gallstones than for those without stones; the size of stones is also closely related to the incidence of gallbladder cancer, with 40% of gallbladder cancer patients having stones larger than 3 cm and 12% having stones smaller than 1 cm, and the risk of gallbladder cancer is 10 times higher for those with a diameter of more than 3 cm than for those with a diameter of less than 1 cm; the duration of stones is also related to the occurrence of gallbladder cancer. Long-term existence of gallstones often causes gallbladder atrophy and calcification, and gallbladder cancer occurs in about 20%-60% of patients with calcified gallbladder or porcelain-like gallbladder.