1.Women who have multiple sexual partners or whose male sexual partners have multiple sexual partners. 2.Women with low age of first intercourse (≤16 years), women whose male sexual partners have cervical cancer sexual partners. 3.Women who have had or are having HPV infection in the genital tract now or women who have had herpes simplex virus infection in the past. 4. Women with HIV infection. 5. Women with other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), especially those with a combination of STDs. 6.Women who are receiving immunosuppressive therapy. 7.Women who smoke or use drugs. 8. Women with a history of cervical lesions (such as long-term chronic cervicitis, cervical precancerous lesions) and malignant tumors of the reproductive tract. 9.Women with low economic status.