Cervical cancer and high-risk HPV infection are highly correlated, and only a small number of patients with persistent infection with high-risk viruses eventually develop cervical cancer. The process from infection to cervical precancer and then to cervical cancer is usually 6-8 years. Therefore, regular screening and treatment of cervical precancerous lesions is an important part of curbing cervical cancer. Early stage cervical cancer can be treated by surgery and has the possibility of cure. After surgery, if there are high-risk factors for recurrence, patients are generally considered to have lost the chance of surgery at advanced stage and need to control the disease and prolong the survival period through comprehensive treatment such as radiotherapy and immunization. While cervical cancer screening used to emphasize annual or biennial cervical cytology, recently the American Cancer Society, the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology and the American Society for Clinical Pathology and the American Association for Specific Compulsory Prevention have proposed new age-based screening guidelines for the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer, recommending a screening program based on a woman’s age and HPV DNA testing. The age-based guidelines recommend that screening for cervical cancer should begin at age 21. women under 21 years of age are generally not screened. women between 21 and 29 years of age require high-quality cytology every 3 years. hpv testing should not be used to screen for cervical cancer in this age group. women between 30 and 65 years of age prefer cytology and hpv testing every 5 years, or every 3 years. Cytology once every 3 years. The advantage of HPV testing is that it enhances the prediction of precancerous cervical lesions. If cervical cytology is positive and HPV is negative, this can be done according to the age-based guidelines described above. However, if cervical cytology is negative and HPV is positive, two additional options should follow. The first option is to repeat both tests within 12 months. If cervical cytology is positive or HPV is positive, colposcopy needs to be added. If both results are negative, routine testing consistent with the age group is resumed. The second option is immediate genotype-specific testing for HPV16 or HPV16/18. If the test results are positive for either typing, colposcopy should be performed. If negative for HPV16 or HPV16/18, testing for cytology and virus should be repeated within 12 months, with the outcome disposition determined by option one. Women over 65 years of age, with sufficient prior negative screening results and no history of CIN II or above for more than 20 years may not be screened for cervical cancer (sufficient negative results are defined as 3 consecutive negative cytology results or 2 consecutive negative cytology and viral tests during 10 years of uninterrupted screening, with the most recent test within 5 years).CIN2, CIN3, or cervical carcinoma in situ Patients with CIN2, CIN3, or cervical carcinoma in situ should continue to be followed up even if they are older than 65 during the 20-year follow-up period.