What is osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis is a common and prevalent disease in the elderly, resulting from a decrease in bone mineral content due to various reasons such as an aging population, disease, medications, nutrition, little outdoor exercise, and limited mobility. In severe cases, there are symptoms such as bone pain and fractures. When you have osteoporosis, you have pain all around your body, and few people are willing to go to the hospital to treat osteoporosis, and it is always after a fracture occurs that you realize the importance of preventing and treating osteoporosis. On the occasion of “World Osteoporosis Day” on October 20, 2006, experts from the Chinese Medical Association’s Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Diseases Branch pointed out that less than 5% of patients with fractures due to osteoporosis have been treated for osteoporosis, and if we look at all patients with osteoporosis, only 1/900 of all patients with osteoporosis have been treated. According to the World Health Organization, the severity of osteoporosis is second only to cardiovascular disease, and the threat is greater than that of breast cancer and prostate cancer. Globally, 1/3 of women and 1/5 of men over the age of 50 are at risk of osteoporosis. A statistical study of more than 5,000 cases of people over 40 years old in five regions of China shows that the prevalence of osteoporosis is 16.1%, more than 20% of women aged 60 to 70 years old suffer from osteoporosis, and nearly 2/3 of those over 80 years old suffer from osteoporosis. China has entered an aging society and the number of osteoporosis patients is increasing. In the next few years, more than 100 million people in China will suffer from different degrees of osteoporosis, which is an urgent problem to be solved.
How is osteoporosis diagnosed?
Osteoporosis can be diagnosed based on medical history, clinical manifestations (bone pain, fracture, etc.), laboratory tests (such as increased blood calcium, urine calcium, increased serum alkaline phosphatase, low serum testosterone level, etc.), X-ray film and bone density measurement. Patients had better go to regular hospitals for examination to avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. For early detection and treatment of osteoporosis, extra attention should be paid to the following groups of people: people who have had fractures; women older than 65 years old and men older than 70 years old; people who are addicted to smoking and alcohol; people who diet excessively to lose weight; people who do not often get sunlight; people whose diet is high in protein; people who are bedridden or rarely exercise for a long time; people who take steroids, antispasmodics, diuretics, anticoagulants, stomach medicines, painkillers for a long time; people who suffer from diseases affecting People with diseases affecting bone metabolism; people with low sex hormones; people with a family history of fractures.
How can osteoporosis be prevented?
Osteoporosis has no premonitory signs or early manifestations, which is the reason why it does not attract enough attention. In fact, the prevention of osteoporosis starts with children. Our bones seem to be stationary, but in fact they are always in the interaction of bone formation and bone resorption. From birth, bone formation is greater than bone resorption, and bones become stronger and more robust day by day. Before the age of 20, the fastest rate of bone deposition, at the age of 20, basically reached more than 90% of the highest bone volume of each body, to 30 to 40 years old to reach the highest point of bone volume, that is, the peak bone volume, to this point the accumulation of bone volume ends, at this time the bone we call the peak bone. In a simple analogy, if the bone is compared to a bank, bone formation is like saving money, bone resorption is like spending money. 30 years old before the bone reserve is obviously greater than the expenditure, and who has more bank reserves, the risk of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture will be small. 30 to 40 years old, bone formation and bone resorption are in a state of equilibrium, the bank’s expenditure and savings are roughly equivalent. After about 40 years of age, bone resorption is greater than formation, and bank expenditures begin to exceed savings. Women lose bone cancellous material at about age 35, begin to lose bone dense material at about age 40, and bone loss can occur at all skeletal sites as they age. Over the course of life, women may lose up to 30% of their dense bone mass and up to 50% of their cancellous bone mass. The onset of menopause is a process that accelerates the loss of bone mass in women. Accompanied by estrogen deficiency, this accelerated bone loss can last for more than 5 years. Accelerated bone loss leads to the development of osteoporosis, which in turn leads to an increased risk of fracture.
Once we understand the causes of osteoporosis, we will know to educate our youth to pay attention to their diet and exercise from an early age, and to let their bones grow strong from a young age. Most of the accumulation of bone mass occurs during childhood and adolescence. Our boys and girls before the age of 19, the bone mass grew close to 90%, there are more than 10% did not grow, this is also very important, we must educate young people do not let go of the remaining 10%, adolescence should also be very good to strengthen nutrition, and to exercise, keep in mind that young adults do not forget to “long bones”. Modern medical research proves that, regardless of gender, if the bones are healthy and growing, the strongest bones are between the ages of 25 and 40, which means that the bones reach the highest bone mass and the best quality at that age. Whether the bones reach their best condition is related to genetic and environmental factors, etc. And once you pass the age of 40, the rate of bone loss exceeds the rate of formation, bone mass begins to decline, bone quality gradually becomes brittle, and the likelihood of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures increases as you get progressively older. If exercise is neglected in young age, often picky or dieting, unbalanced diet structure, resulting in low dietary calcium intake, and not rejecting bad habits, so that the ideal peak bone mass and bone quality are not achieved, osteoporosis will appear at an earlier age. Especially young women, if they lose weight, fear the sun and exercise less, they are more likely to be “invaded” by osteoporosis. Therefore, prevention of osteoporosis should be started early to obtain the ideal peak bone mass at a young age so that you can enjoy it for the rest of your life, i.e., more “savings” at an early age and more surplus at a later age.
How is osteoporosis treated?
Clinically, it is found that 80% of fractures are caused by osteoporosis. These patients will break their bones after a casual fall, while normal people without osteoporosis usually do not break their bones after a fall. In fact, many people are aware of the dangers of osteoporosis, but only listen to advertisements and think that calcium supplements alone can deal with osteoporosis. In fact, calcium supplementation can only play an auxiliary treatment effect and is a basic measure. Effective treatment requires medication in order to inhibit bone loss and thus reduce the risk of fracture occurrence. Osteoporosis should be treated with appropriate drugs and methods according to the causes of osteoporosis, the following is a brief introduction to the conventional drugs and methods for the treatment of osteoporosis.
1. Sex hormones: Sex hormones include estrogens (such as nil estrol, ethinyl estradiol, etc.) and androgens (testosterone propionate, methyltestosterone, etc.). The role of sex hormones is to enhance the activity of osteoblasts and promote new bone formation. Sex hormones are suitable for age-related osteoporosis, androgen-deficient osteoporosis and osteoporosis caused by insufficient secretion of estrogen due to low ovarian function. These osteoporosis are all caused by insufficient secretion of sex hormones due to old age or disease and reduced activity of osteoblasts, so they can be treated with sex hormones. Calcium should be supplemented during the treatment process in order to promote new bone formation, but it is not suitable for long-term use because of the large toxic side effects of sex hormones.
2.Calcitonin: The main function of calcitonin is to inhibit the activity of osteoclasts and bone resorption. As people age, the secretion of calcitonin in the body decreases, or because of certain diseases that increase the activity of osteoclasts, calcitonin cannot inhibit the activity of osteoclasts well, and bone resorption increases, leading to osteoporosis. Therefore, calcitonin can be taken to treat osteoporosis. Since calcitonin is a hormone, it has certain toxic side effects and cannot be taken for a long time.
3, calcium: including various compounds of calcium (so-called molecular calcium, ionized calcium and other calcium agents), the mechanism of treatment mainly relies on calcium supplementation, calcium content increases the formation of new bone has a certain role, but this is not a fundamental solution to the problem of osteoporosis, especially due to various reasons to increase the activity of osteoclasts, increased bone resorption caused by osteoporosis, only calcium supplementation is fundamentally unable to treat osteoporosis, just like a person If you have diarrhea and eat good food every day, you will not gain weight. Only throttling (inhibit bone resorption) open source (increase osteoblast activity, increase new bone formation), the treatment of osteoporosis can really be effective.
4, diphosphonates: such as bone phosphonate, Bonin, etc., which is a newly developed drug for the treatment of osteoporosis in recent years, its therapeutic mechanism mainly relies on diphosphonates to inhibit osteoclast activity, inhibit the role of bone resorption, but also some diphosphonates have increased the role of osteoblast activity, while diphosphonates have few and mild toxic side effects, so it is a new generation of drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis, and is currently being used internationally to promote faster. There is a trend to gradually replace sex hormones, and the efficacy and toxic side effects of different diphosphonates also vary. Only diphosphonates cannot treat rheumatoid arthritis, hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism and other autoimmune diseases and endocrine diseases, and therefore cannot fundamentally cure osteoporosis caused by these diseases.
5, nuclear medicine treatment (“cloud gram” treatment): in recent years, China’s nuclear medicine industry innovation invented “cloud gram” is a cheap and effective new drug for the treatment of osteoporosis, cloud gram is a diphosphonate drugs, in addition to methylene diphosphonate (MDP). It also contains artificial trace elements such as technetium (99Tc), which not only can inhibit osteoclast activity, inhibit bone resorption, enhance osteoblast activity and promote new bone formation, thus treating osteoporosis, but also can scavenge free radicals in human body, regulate human autoimmune function and regulate human endocrine, thus treating autoimmune diseases and diseases caused by endocrine disorders (such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing arthritis, ankylosis, etc.). It can treat autoimmune diseases and diseases caused by endocrine disorders (such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, hyperthyroidism with infiltrative proptosis, etc.) and osteoporosis caused by these diseases and endocrine disorders, i.e., it can achieve the purpose of throttling (preventing excessive bone mineral loss) and open source (promoting new bone formation), and also solve the problem from the cause of osteoporosis, thus having the effect of treating both the symptoms and the root cause, which is unmatched by the above-mentioned osteoporosis treatment drugs and various It has unique advantages in the treatment of osteoporosis caused by various reasons and will play an important role in the treatment of osteoporosis.
How to use “Yunque” to treat osteoporosis?
(1) For osteoporosis caused by autoimmune diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis, etc.) and endocrine disorders, the treatment method is the same as that for autoimmune diseases and endocrine disorders, using “Yunque” injection (A+B) 5mg intravenously, one injection per day, 20 days as a course of treatment. Depending on the disease, it can be treated for 1 to 3 courses. You can also use “Yunker” injection by IV, dissolve “Yunker” 10mg with 250ml or 500nl saline, finish the IV drip in 3-4 hours, once a day, 10 days as a course of treatment, depending on the disease can be treated for 1 to 3 courses. In addition to the treatment of autoimmune diseases and endocrine disorders, it also treats osteoporosis.
(2) Aged patients with osteoporosis or severe osteoporosis caused by other reasons, with obvious bone pain around the body, it is appropriate to use “Yunque” static treatment, once a day (10mg), 10 days for a course of treatment (one course of treatment per month), after the bone pain significantly improved or disappeared, changed to monthly static drops After the bone pain has significantly improved or disappeared, the treatment will be changed to 5 times a month (50mg) of “Yunque”, and the treatment will be continued for 6 months, and the treatment will be stopped or continued for 2-3 months depending on the effect of osteoporosis treatment.
What should I pay attention to when using “YUNK” for osteoporosis treatment?
The “Yunque” injection consists of A agent and B agent, A and B agents are usually stored in the refrigerator (2-8 degrees), when used, they should be taken out and placed at room temperature for more than 20 minutes, then inject A agent into B agent under aseptic operation conditions, shake fully for more than 1 minute to make A agent and B agent fully react and chelate, after standing for 5 minutes, inject intravenously or Add physiological saline to intravenous drip. The drip rate should not be too fast, and should be kept at 3~4 hours.
How safe is the treatment of osteoporosis with YUNK?
There are only occasional transient rash (1 hour to 3 days), but it is mild and does not require treatment and does not affect the continuation of treatment. However, it should be used with caution in patients with allergies, low blood pressure, and severe liver and kidney dysfunction. In addition, if discoloration and precipitation are found, the product should be discontinued.
Conclusion: People should choose the right department when they go to the hospital for osteoporosis. Many hospitals carry out this treatment in endocrinology, geriatrics, gynecology, orthopedics and rheumatology, and they can also consult the nuclear medicine department for the treatment of “Yunque”. At present, the biggest problem of osteoporosis patients treated is the lack of adherence to treatment. They stop taking the medication after only a few days or a month or two, and the course of Yunque treatment is not enough, so the effect can be imagined. “Frozen three feet is not a day’s cold”, the treatment of osteoporosis is never a matter of one or two days, for which doctors and patients should pay extra attention when treating.