As the number of confirmed cases of novel coronary pneumonia continues to increase, China’s prevention and control system is urgently setting up three lines of defense to guard against the disease. The first line of defense: the establishment of independent fever clinics in secondary and higher medical institutions for early detection and early isolation to reduce the spread of cases; the second line of defense: as there are no specific drugs available, each hospital is required to stock up on commonly used antiviral drugs such as oseltamivir and acyclovir; the third line of defense: optimization of testing kits and improvement of testing protocols to improve the accuracy of clinical testing.