Not all kidney stone patients need surgery, as medical checkups become more and more widespread, the detection rate of stones is also increasing, especially small kidney stones. The reasons may be related to the fast-paced lifestyle of modern people, such as no time to drink water, no moderate drinking, high-fat and high-protein diet, and also related to local environmental factors. Surgery has indications, but not when kidney stones are found, but only when the stones cause kidney obstruction, fluid accumulation and affect the local kidney function. There are many ways to treat kidney stones, which should be combined with the patient’s medical history, imaging examination, CT and ultrasound to evaluate the size, number, specific location and CT density of the stones, and other aspects to choose the best treatment after a comprehensive evaluation. Surgical treatment is one of the many ways, in addition to physical lithotripsy, such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Medication for stone removal, i.e. herbal lithotripsy tonics, such as moneywort flush type of medication, can be used. Some of the small stones and small calcifications in the kidney can be reviewed regularly, as they do not affect the kidney function, so there is no hurry to deal with them.