The much-awaited cervical cancer vaccine is finally going on sale in China Cervical cancer – the second most prevalent tumor in women According to the latest 2015 China Cancer Statistics Report, breast cancer ranks first and cervical cancer second among female-specific tumors, and is the most common gynecological malignancy with an increasingly younger age of onset. 2015 domestic There were an estimated 98,900 new cases of cervical cancer and 30,500 deaths, with urban areas higher than rural areas, and the actual number of incidences should be higher than the statistics, considering the lack of screening and treatment of the population. HPV vaccine – the vaccine that saves lives Cervical cancer is the deadliest and at the same time the most preventable type of female cancer worldwide, with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection being the culprit, causing 99% of cervical cancer cases. A study in The Lancet? A study in Oncology showed that proper HPV vaccination was 94% effective in preventing randomized infection, 95% effective in preventing persistent infection, and 86% effective in preventing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 2 +) of grade 2 and higher. With the introduction of the latest American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists cervical cancer screening guidelines in 2015, HPV testing has begun to take the lead in cervical cancer screening, with cytology testing becoming a secondary screening method. The latest guidelines were developed based on the 2014 joint expert meeting of the American Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) and the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology (ASCCP), which affirmed that HPV testing is more sensitive and negative results are safer. As the world’s first oncology vaccine, it has been on the market worldwide for exactly 10 years! 10 years! It has saved countless potential patients with cervical cancer, and the prevalence of HPV 16 and HPV 18 infection among Chinese women is 84.5%. Theoretically, the vaccine will be more effective for Chinese women. The Road to Market – Difficulties There are currently two major HPV vaccine manufacturers in the world, GlaxoSmithKline’s 2-valent vaccine Huuyin Kang and Merck Sharp & Dohme’s 4-valent and 9-valent vaccines Jadaxiu. GlaxoSmithKline began recruiting volunteers in China in 2008, before it received FDA approval, to prepare for entry into the Chinese market. In contrast, Merck Sharp & Dohme began a three-year phase III clinical trial of the HPV vaccine in hospitals including the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine in February 2009. After going through layers of approval, four periods of clinical trials, insufficient sample size, heavy infection indicators, extended trials and other heavy obstacles, it is expected to be marketed in China this year. At present, HPV vaccine has been listed in more than 160 countries and regions, including Japan and Hong Kong, China. Three companies in China have officially applied for HPV vaccine clinical trials. Watson Bio, Xiamen Wantai Canghai Biotechnology Co., Zhejiang Pukang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and Xiamen Wantai have completed Phase III clinical trials in 2015. The price of the imported vaccine will be around 2,000 yuan this year, and the price of the domestic vaccine is not yet known. How to get HPV vaccine HPV vaccine is not only for women, but also for men. As we all know, the main transmission route of HPV is sexual transmission, and HPV infection can cause penile cancer in men. the latest JAMA study shows that men have twice the risk of developing human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers of the mouth and throat than women (how do you get it, there should be a sense of picture). The vaccine is currently used for the prevention of cancers of the cervix, vulva, anus and vagina, as well as for the prevention of anal cancer and genital warts. The U.S. FDA recently approved the expansion of the vaccination coverage of the new generation of nine-valent HPV vaccine (Gadaxiu 9), expanding the age group for the vaccination for men from 9 to 15 years old to 9 to 26 years old, so that both men and women aged 9 to 26 years old are covered by this vaccine. Currently, the recommended age for vaccination in China is 9-45 years old for women, and the optimal age is 10-14 years old. However, as the older the age, the lower the concentration of antibody titers after HPV vaccination. Compared to the 16-26 year old population, the antibody titer after vaccination at the age of 9-15 years can reach twice as high as the former population. HPV vaccine is usually administered in 3 doses, with good results achieved over a 6-month period. The maximum duration of protection after vaccination is not known, but increasing the number of injections or doses to enhance the immune response is not recommended. Contraindications: Women who have established pregnancy prior to vaccination and those with yeast allergy should not receive the vaccine. A healthy lifestyle is still key Although HPV vaccine prevention is more than 90% effective, it still does not prevent cervical cancer 100% of the time. A healthy lifestyle, especially a sexual lifestyle, is still the key to preventing cervical cancer. Healthy living, early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment is the only feasible way to stay away from cancer.