Many patients are worried about the risk of surgery and always look forward to medication. To date, there is still no specific medication for hydrocephalus, and certain drugs can only temporarily relieve symptoms, such as mannitol, but once the drug is stopped, the symptoms still recur, and the longer the drug is applied, the worse the effect. In addition, medication is mainly used for lighter patients, and for patients with heavy hydrocephalus, medication is only used as temporary preoperative medication. The treatment of hydrocephalus should be mainly surgery. 1, etiological treatment etiological treatment should be the first choice for the treatment of hydrocephalus. For obstructive hydrocephalus, lifting the obstruction is the most ideal method. Such as interventricular foramen perforation, conduit reconstruction, fourth ventricular cyst fistula, intracerebroventricular tumor resection, third ventricular floor fistula, occipital foramen decompression, etc. Using etiological treatment methods, once the surgery is successful, the patient can benefit for a lifetime; 2. Reducing cerebrospinal fluid formation Such as using choroid plexus resection or electrocautery. It is mainly used for traffic hydrocephalus, especially in patients who have failed shunt surgery or are not suitable for shunt. Currently, electrocautery is performed endoscopically, which can significantly reduce the occurrence of surgical complications; 3. Cerebrospinal fluid shunts Currently, the commonly used shunt is ventriculoperitoneal shunt (i.e. V-P drainage), which is a mature surgical technique with short operation time, little trauma and good postoperative efficacy. When to treat hydrocephalus Hydrocephalus should be operated as soon as possible, if hydrocephalus for too long will lead to atrophy and degeneration of brain nerve cells, nerve cells are non-renewable cells, once degeneration or death, there will be no regenerative cell replacement, thus there will be a variety of more difficult to salvage neurological dysfunction, the effect of surgery is also very poor at this time. Postoperative complications: 1. The main common complications of shunt surgery: shunt obstruction and infection, excessive shunt (subdural blood accumulation, hypocranial pressure syndrome, ventricular fissure syndrome), isolated fourth ventricular dilatation; 2. The main complications of triple ventriculostomy are bleeding secondary to vascular injury.