The symptoms of kidney stones have a mood and heavy, small stones can have been through conservative treatment to achieve good results; large stones may block the ureter causing lower urinary tract obstruction, if you can not take effective treatment measures measures, will affect the kidney function, and even cause kidney failure. Therefore, the active selection of the correct and effective treatment method is crucial to the treatment effect of kidney stones and with after. When choosing surgery to treat stones, the best method can be chosen according to the patient’s specific situation and priority. For example, when a patient has bilateral upper urinary tract stones, we can follow the following principles of ureteral stone surgery to achieve the best results. The principles of surgical treatment for bilateral upper urinary tract stones are: 1. Bilateral ureteral stones: treat the side with severe obstruction first. Conditions permitting, remove the bilateral stones at the same time. 2. Ureteral stones on one side and kidney stones on the opposite side: treat ureteral stones first and kidney stones later. 3.Bilateral kidney stones: The decision is based on the stone condition and kidney function. The stone on the side that is easier and safer to remove should be treated first, and then the opposite stone should be treated after the function is restored. If the kidney function is very poor, first percutaneous nephrostomy drainage, systemic and renal function will be improved after treatment of bilateral stones respectively. To be a qualified doctor, it is not only necessary to treat the patient’s disease, but also to consider the physiological function and quality of life of the patient after treatment. Following this principle of surgical treatment can prevent the possibility of serious events in both kidneys at the same time in the shortest possible time.