Thyroid cancer, especially DTC, has a good prognosis, a low mortality rate and a long survival period. It requires a multidisciplinary and standardized treatment process, including surgery, pathology, diagnostic imaging, nuclear medicine, radiotherapy, endocrinology, medical oncology, etc. Individualized and precise treatment should be implemented for different patients or different treatment stages of the same patient.
The treatment and follow-up process of thyroid cancer should be led by surgery. The treatment and follow-up of thyroid cancer should be led by surgery, and a comprehensive treatment plan should be formulated in consultation with nuclear medicine, endocrinology, radiotherapy and medical oncology according to the patient’s condition.
For patients with low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer, surgery + postoperative exogenous thyroxine replacement therapy or TSH suppression therapy is sufficient.
For patients with distant metastatic high-risk differentiated thyroid cancer, surgery + post-operative 131I therapy + post-operative TSH suppression therapy is the main combination treatment mode.
For localized lesions that are not surgically resectable, local radiofrequency ablation or external radiotherapy can be considered. 4.
4. Treatment of MTC should be mainly surgical and does not require TSH suppression therapy, but thyroxine replacement therapy.
5. For ATC, external radiotherapy + surgery/surgery + external radiotherapy may be preferred if there is no distant metastasis or airway obstruction. The role of surgery is mainly to relieve airway obstruction (tracheotomy) and to remove as much of the tumor as possible if conditions permit.