Chemotherapy induced diarrhea (CID) is a common side effect caused by chemotherapy in oncology patients, and frequent severe diarrhea requires reduction of chemotherapy dose or even interruption of chemotherapy. The pathogenesis of CID is still not fully understood and its treatment protocols are different from those of general diarrhea, so clinicians are often inexperienced in its understanding and treatment. Treatments effective in controlling CID include opioids, anticholinergics, and the growth inhibitor octreotide. Glutamine can provide prophylaxis for CID, and Chinese medicine treatment also provides good results. With the widespread use of chemotherapeutic drugs, the emergence of CID is becoming more and more common, and how to effectively prevent and treat CID has become a high concern, but the pathogenesis of CID is still unknown and still needs to be studied and explored in depth. Western medicine is symptomatic treatment, and Chinese medicine is evidence-based treatment, both are effective methods for the treatment of CID, and the combination of Chinese and Western medicine to prevent and treat CID may bring the greatest benefit to patients.