Gynecological inflammation, as one of the common diseases in obstetrics and gynecology, seriously affects the physical and physiological health of women. The current clinical causes of gynecological inflammation can be divided into two main categories. The first is endogenous factors. The vulva is a bacterial environment with dozens of different types of normal vaginal flora under normal conditions. Among them, Lactobacillus is the dominant bacterium. However, in general, the resident flora of the vagina is in a state of equilibrium, and in this state of equilibrium, various pathogenic microorganisms do not have the ability to cure the disease. However, when the body’s resistance is weakened or when antibiotics are used for a long time, the normal flora of the vagina becomes dysfunctional, which can lead to gynecological inflammation. The second is exogenous factors. The female system has a strong defense function, but when exogenous factors break the defense function of the female reproductive system, it may cause gynecological inflammation. For example, some common surgeries in obstetrics and gynecology can break down the defenses of the female system and cause gynecological inflammation. In summary, women need to strengthen their body resistance, keep their perineum clean and dry, and routinely give infection prevention treatment after gynecological surgery to avoid gynecological inflammation.