Whether there is an inevitable link between thyroid nodules and cancer, and the exact relationship between the two is still controversial in academic circles.
From the research data, it is unlikely that a benign nodule will transform into a thyroid cancer. Even if thyroid cancer subsequently occurs, it is not necessarily a malignant transformation of the original nodule, but may be a result of an overall change in thyroid function and morphology that produces a malignant tumor.
With underlying thyroid disease, it is relatively important to pay a little more attention. A significant proportion of patients with thyroid cancer have underlying thyroid disease, particularly Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and subacute thyroiditis.
Sudden enlargement of the thyroid nodule, hoarseness, and difficulty swallowing during follow-up may indicate malignancy and require a visit to the doctor.
People who are older and have sudden enlargement of thyroid nodules and feel shortness of breath should be concerned about the possibility of cancer.
If it’s a simple goiter, it’s fine to observe it with annual physical exams, so there’s no need to worry excessively and run to the hospital every three or two months.