A, self-monitoring (learn to check and see the results) 1, kidney function: kidney function test generally contains urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid three indicators. A creatinine is an important indicator of kidney function, usually go to the hospital to check kidney function doctor will tell you that creatinine is not normal, but you should know that once the blood creatinine exceeds the normal range, it means that the patient’s kidney function is only one-third of the original. That is to say, the original two kidneys work, but now only two-thirds of the kidneys are working. Moreover, creatinine is a metabolite of creatine, and a decrease in muscle content will also lead to a decrease in creatinine. Therefore, glomerular filtration rate or endogenous creatinine clearance should be used as a criterion when assessing a patient’s kidney function. It is necessary for patients with chronic kidney disease to have a formula to derive the glomerular filtration rate from blood creatinine; if this value is less than 60 it is essential to seek treatment from a nephrologist. If creatinine clearance is measured in hospital, it should be vegetated for 3 days, then all urine should be collected for 24 hours and blood should be taken at the end of urine collection. Normal is at 80-100ml/min. B urea nitrogen: It is actually a metabolite of protein, which is mainly excreted by the kidneys, thus its plasma concentration basically reflects the state of kidney function. However, blood urea nitrogen can be affected by many extra-renal factors, such as high protein diet, intestinal bleeding, trauma and increase in catabolism during infection can make it rise, therefore, it is only used as a reference. c uric acid: it will be elevated in gout patients and those with decreased kidney filtration function. 2, about glomerular filtration rate: normal value is 80-100ml/min, age > 40 years, every 10 years decreases by 10ml/min, which means the kidney’s compensatory capacity is decreasing. 3, blood pressure: goals: (1) urine protein ≥ 1 g / day, BP < 125/75mmHg or less; (2) urine protein < 1 g / day, BP < 130/80mmHg or less; (3) where systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure reduction is more important. How to choose drugs? (1) To be able to effectively lower the blood pressure; (2) Often need a combination of multiple antihypertensive drugs; (3) Minimize the impact of sugar, lipid and purine metabolism; (4) Can most effectively protect the kidney: ACEI/ARB can be preferred when the blood creatinine <3mg/dl, other cases should be decided after consulting a specialist. (4) blood glucose: insulin intensive treatment of diabetes mellitus; (5) urine routine; (6) ultrasound.