Dry eye has become a common and important ocular surface disease that affects people’s quality of life. In recent years, the incidence of dry eye has gradually increased in China, but its treatment standard has not yet been established, and there are large differences in the understanding and treatment level of dry eye among ophthalmologists at all levels, which brings certain difficulties to clinical practice. Dry eye is a type of disease in which the tear film is unstable and/or the ocular surface is damaged due to abnormalities in the quality or quantity of tears or fluid dynamics, which causes ocular discomfort and even dysfunction. The various names that appear clinically (e.g., dry eye, dry eye disease, dry eye syndrome, etc.) are uniformly referred to as dry eye. The main risk factors include: old age, female, high altitude, diabetes, pterygium, air pollution, eye drops abuse, video terminal syndrome, keratoconus surgery, allergic eye disease and some systemic diseases. It can manifest as many symptoms: eye dryness , burning sensation, foreign body sensation, pins and needles, eye itching, photophobia, eye redness, blurred vision, fluctuating vision, etc. The goal of treatment is to relieve eye discomfort and to protect the patient’s visual function. The treatment methods include removal of the cause, medication, physical therapy, and surgery.