Keratoconjunctival dryness is a common ophthalmic disease, with about 30 million people in China suffering from varying degrees of it. Patients mostly have uncomfortable symptoms such as photophobia, fear of wind, and foreign body sensation in the eyes. The progression of the disease can also lead to serious ocular surface lesions and complications such as corneal surface abrasion and corneal ulcers, which eventually lead to corneal clouding and vision loss, seriously affecting patients’ work and life. Traditional treatments, such as artificial tears and tear dots obstruction, are ineffective for severe keratoconjunctival dryness. So far, the treatment of severe corneoconjunctival dryness is still a difficult problem for patients and doctors. Zhang Lei, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University Stomatological Hospital The group led by Professor Yu Guangyan of Peking University School of Stomatology, in cooperation with the ophthalmology department of Tong Ren Hospital, has carried out clinical research work on vascularized autologous submandibular gland transplantation for the treatment of severe corneoconjunctival dryness since 1999 based on systematic animal experimental research, achieving good results and accumulating more experience. The basic principle of this procedure is to remove the patient’s own submandibular gland and transplant it to the temporal region, using microsurgical techniques for vascular anastomosis, and transfer the submandibular gland duct to the fornix of the eye, replacing the tear fluid with submandibular gland secretion. In the cases with successful autologous vascularized submandibular gland transplantation, the dry eye symptoms were reduced or disappeared, the corneal lesions were reduced, and some patients had different degrees of visual acuity improvement. After 5 years of clinical observation, no significant adverse reactions occurred in patients after the operation. At present, vascularized autologous submandibular gland transplantation has become a proven treatment method for severe keratoconjunctival dryness, and has received close attention from more and more patients and medical workers. At present, our hospital has adopted autologous vascularized submandibular gland transplantation to treat more than 150 patients with severe keratoconjunctival dryness, and more than 80% of them have achieved success. This work has been reported in Health News and CCTV “Midday News” and “Road to Health”. Typical case: The patient, Yuan**, had dry eyes caused by drug allergy when he was one year old, and since then he has been relying on eye drops for a long time to relieve his symptoms. He is now the manager of a private printing factory, and despite his success, the pain of the disease has always troubled him. He came to our hospital in June 2002 with a last ray of hope, and after meticulous preoperative examination and preparation, Professor Yu Guangyan personally performed the surgery. The surgery was a complete success. After a period of careful post-operative adjustment, the graft gland secretion was appropriate, and then he received corneal lamellar transplantation treatment, after which not only the dry eye symptoms were basically eliminated, but also his vision was greatly improved. When he was discharged home with gratitude and excitement, he told every one of his friends the news of his restored sight.