Primary liver cancer is one of the common gastrointestinal malignant tumors in China, which is not easy to be detected in early stage, and when it is detected, the tumor is already large and the opportunity of surgery is lost; or patients with liver cancer have severe gastrointestinal symptoms and liver damage after surgery, and cannot tolerate local chemotherapy and embolization. Chinese medicine has a great advantage in this regard, with the function of adjuvant anti-tumor, reducing the toxicity of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, improving the symptoms and quality of life related to liver cancer, and prolonging the survival period. According to the course of liver cancer, Chinese medicine should be selected according to the progress of the disease. According to the course of liver cancer, it is divided into three stages in clinical diagnosis and treatment. Initial stage of liver cancer The main treatment is to strengthen the spleen and stomach, and firstly, to stabilize the place that has not been exposed to evil. Surgery is preferred for patients in the early stage of hepatocellular carcinoma. Early surgical resection is the key to improve the 5-year survival rate. The smaller the tumor and the more intact the envelope, the higher the 5-year survival rate after surgery. The recurrence rate of hepatocellular carcinoma after surgery exceeds 70%, and tumor recurrence mainly occurs in the first 3 years after surgery, and there is no effective means to reduce the recurrence rate. For such patients, treatment through evidence-based therapy supplemented with Chinese medicine can effectively alleviate postoperative adverse reactions and reduce the tumor recurrence rate. Weakness of the spleen and stomach and deficiency of both qi and yin are the basic etiological mechanisms for the occurrence and development of liver cancer in the early stage. Symptoms often include loss of appetite, weakness, abdominal distension, nausea, aversion to grease, etc. Based on this pathological mechanism, in the early stage of liver cancer, emphasis is placed on strengthening the spleen and stomach, benefiting qi and nourishing yin. In the middle stage of liver cancer, emphasis is placed on eliminating evil and resolving turbidity and preventing the transmission of poisonous evil. When hepatocellular carcinoma progresses to the middle stage without the chance of surgical resection, it can be combined with hepatic artery chemoembolization and local ablation treatment. However, patients are very prone to liver function damage after surgery, which leads to serious gastrointestinal symptoms. From the perspective of TCM, the patient’s deficiency of positive qi has not improved in this stage, and the evil qi is gradually congested. The pathogenesis of this stage is mainly characterized by the gathering of phlegm, toxicity and stasis of evil qi into cancerous masses. In this regard, on the basis of supporting the righteousness, the treatment method of dispelling the evil and preventing the transmission of poisonous evil should be used. On the one hand, we should vigorously support the righteousness to prevent the spread of poisonous evil; on the other hand, we should vigorously expel the evil and eliminate the turbidity by using drugs to activate blood circulation, resolve blood stasis, resolve phlegm and dampness, clear heat and detoxify. Late stage of liver cancer: strengthen the root and cultivate the vital energy, and at the same time, soften and eliminate the symptoms. In the late stage of hepatocellular carcinoma, there is no chance of surgical and interventional treatment, so clinical treatment is often based on symptomatic treatment. According to Chinese medicine, at this stage, the poisonous evil has become congested, the true essence has been depleted, and the disease is progressing rapidly. When the human body is depleted, the spirit is dissipated and there is no way to return to heaven.