Although extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is a safe and effective minimally invasive treatment, the shock wave can also cause slight damage to the renal pelvic mucosa and the kidney tissue around the stone due to the vibration and fragmentation of the stone in the process of breaking up the stone. After a large number of clinical observations, the main complications of shock wave lithotripsy are: hematuria: after extracorporeal shock wave treatment, almost all patients will have hematuria of different severity, especially in patients with kidney stones. Patients with microscopic hematuria or mild carnal hematuria after lithotripsy generally do not require special treatment, and can disappear naturally in 1~2 days if they drink more than 2000ml of water. Patients with severe hematuria should go to the hospital for consultation or treatment by a specialist in time. Bladder irritation: larger stones mostly contain bacteria, and when the stones are crushed the concentration of bacteria in the urine suddenly increases and causes infection; at the same time, due to the accumulation and obstruction of stone sand in the narrow part of the ureter, the poor discharge of urine provides a breeding environment for bacteria, which is an important cause of urinary frequency and urinary pain. Therefore, it is required that antibiotic treatment should be given after lithotripsy to prevent and control postoperative infection. Renal colic: renal and ureteral colic is more common after lithotripsy. This is due to the fact that for larger and hard stones, it is difficult to break them all into sand at one time, and colic symptoms will occur when there are larger stone fragments blocking the ureter. Generally, no special treatment is needed. After symptomatic treatment with antispasmodic and analgesic drugs, most patients’ symptoms can be relieved.