The incidence of pediatric congenital heart disease (congenital heart disease) is about 0.8-1.2%, and about 150,000 newborns with congenital heart disease are born each year in China. According to the Beijing maternal and child health care system, congenital heart disease is the most important cause of infant and child death in recent years, and is also the number one birth defect parity. In such a situation, it is especially important for parents to detect early whether their babies have precocious heart disease. It is possible for parents to do so, as the chief physician of the Department of Pediatric Cardiology at Beijing Anzhen Hospital, affiliated with the Capital Medical University. Simple precardiac disease is usually asymptomatic Due to the different classification of precardiac disease, the condition and clinical manifestations are also different. Some complex precardiac disease is found in the neonatal period, cyanosis with hypoxic manifestations, shortness of breath, increased heart rate, heart failure, etc., which may be life-threatening if not diagnosed and treated in time. In contrast, simple congenital heart disease may normally be asymptomatic, with normal growth and development and high activity, and a heart murmur is only detected when a cold or a physical examination is performed at a hospital visit. Generally speaking, congenital heart disease has the following common symptoms: 1. Shortness of breath. In the newborn or infant period, it is found that the affected child is struggling to eat milk, stopping before the milk is finished due to shortness of breath, feeling tired, sweating profusely and choking on milk. 2. Recurrent pneumonia. Shortness of breath is the most common symptom, and a visit to the clinic can reveal a heart murmur of, some babies are hoarse when crying, and even symptoms such as cardiac insufficiency. 3. Delayed growth and development. Growth and development is slower than that of children of the same age or no weight gain. 4.Cyanosis (or cyanosis). This is an important symptom of complex congenital heart disease, manifested as cyanosis of the lips and nail bed, especially after crying and activity, and some children like to squat. Therefore, parents should seek medical attention when they find the above symptoms. Doctors will make further examination according to the different heart murmurs, and finally make a clear diagnosis and take appropriate methods of treatment. The result of the interaction of complex factors such as genetic and environmental factors Although precocious heart disease is common, there is no clear or unified statement on the causes of precocious heart disease so far. Most scholars believe that precocious heart disease is the result of the interaction of complex relationships such as genetic and environmental factors, mostly related to the following factors. 1, the mother suffered from viral or bacterial infections in early pregnancy (especially in the first trimester), causing obstacles to the formation of the heart and large blood vessels. 2. The mother was exposed to harmful substances during pregnancy, such as radiation, or took medications. Therefore, medication should be taken during pregnancy under the guidance of a doctor. 3, Maternal malnutrition, suffering from diabetes, immune diseases, and over-age of the mother are also high-risk factors for the fetus to develop congenital heart disease. 4, congenital heart disease is not a genetic disease, but there is a genetic factor, with a certain degree of family morbidity trend, which may be caused by parental germ cell and chromosome aberrations. It is possible to repair pediatric heart malformations without having to open the chest. Once any condition is discovered, seeking timely medical attention is the primary principle. This principle is even more important in the case of precordial disease. For parents, once a child is suspected of having a precardiac disease, it is best to go to a specialist hospital specializing in pediatric cardiovascular disease for a clear diagnosis and to choose the best time and best treatment under the guidance of a medical professional. The traditional treatment for precardiac disease is open-heart surgery, but in the past decade, interventional treatment without opening the chest has become increasingly mature and achieved good quality results. This procedure is mainly applicable to pulmonary valve stenosis, patent ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defect and partial ventricular septal defect, without combining other heart malformations that require surgical correction. During treatment, the surgeon punctures a blood vessel at the root of the patient’s thigh and delivers an appropriately sized blocker through the catheter to the lesion to seal the defective or unclosed ductus arteriosus for treatment purposes. This technique is characterized by minimal trauma, short operative time, rapid recovery, and short hospitalization period, and generally does not require general anesthesia or extracorporeal circulation. However, there are some patients with complex precordial disease and those who are not suitable for interventional treatment still require traditional open-heart surgery. The optimal timing of surgery depends on a number of factors, including the complexity of the congenital malformation, the age and weight of the child, and the systemic development and nutritional status. In general, simple congenital heart defects, especially smaller ones, may heal on their own. If the congenital malformation is serious and affects growth and development, or if the malformation threatens the child’s life, or if the complex malformation requires staged surgery, early surgery should be performed. Prevention of congenital heart disease starts from the mother Although the cause of congenital heart disease is not very clear, in order to prevent the occurrence of congenital heart disease, we should start from the mother, pay attention to the mother’s early pregnancy health care, such as active prevention of rubella, influenza, mumps and other viral infections, avoid exposure to radiation and other harmful substances, avoid taking drugs that have an impact on the development of the fetus, such as anti-cancer drugs. Actively treat primary diseases, such as diabetes, etc. Pay attention to a reasonable diet and avoid nutritional deficiencies. Try to stay away from radiation, harmful gases, etc. in the early stage of pregnancy (first 3 months). Because this is the stage when all the organs of the fetus are taking shape, if it is exposed to radiation, harmful gases and other factors, it is likely to lay a hidden risk of congenital heart disease for the child. All people who suffer from congenital heart disease want to have a healthy child when they become parents themselves. For these parents, the best thing to do is to visit a hospital for premarital screening and genetic counseling before marriage. It is now recognized that congenital heart disease can be caused by environmental factors and genetic factors or both. For high-risk pregnant women, fetal echocardiography can be done at a qualified hospital from 16 to 24 weeks of pregnancy to achieve early detection and intervention.