Youth is the most beautiful moment in life, both physically and mentally, like the sunrise is full of vitality, let people happy. But, you sing the hymn of youth, there will always be a dissonance occasionally spoil the fun. Who does not want to just youth, not “acne” ah!
The “pimple”, medically known as the seat sore. It is a chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands of the hair follicles. According to statistics, more than 85% of young people have suffered from varying degrees of acne. Some people neglect to treat acne as a normal physiological phenomenon; some often squeeze acne, causing local infection, which leads to serious skin damage, making the beauty of teenagers very painful, they are depressed / nervous, easy to shy, so no “face” to see people. Here are some answers to common questions about acne among teenagers.
Why are teenagers prone to acne?
The sebaceous glands of human hair follicles are an accessory organ of the human skin, and they have the function of secreting sebum under the control of androgens. Androgens mainly come from the gonads. During puberty, the human gonads secrete more androgens, which causes the sebaceous glands of hair follicles to increase their secretion function. Due to the long-term accumulation of sebum in the hair follicle, anaerobic bacteria, such as Listeria monocytogenes, can take advantage of the opportunity to multiply in the hair follicle. At the same time, this bacteria can also produce lipolytic enzymes, which can break down sebum into free fatty acids and stimulate inflammation in the hair follicles, thus causing acne to occur in areas of the body where sebaceous glands secrete more intensively, such as the face, forehead and back. As the gonads of children are immature and the gonads of the elderly are gradually shrinking, the secretion function of their sebaceous glands is relatively low.
What skin damage can be caused by acne and how is the damage caused by these skin diseases?
Acne can cause a variety of skin damages if not treated or handled properly. Common skin damages and their formation are as follows.
1. Papules
They can be found on the face, neck, chest, and back, mostly due to the accumulation of sebum in the sebaceous glands of the hair follicles, where the anaerobic bacillus rotundus proliferates.
2. Pustules
It is located at the top of the papule and is most often formed due to heavy inflammation of the hair follicle or localized septic infection.
3.Nodule
It is a red nodule above the surface of the skin formed when the sebaceous gland of the hair follicle is severely damaged on the basis of a pustule.
4.Cyst
It is formed on the basis of a nodule when a large number of pus cells collect in the hair follicle and destroy the structure of the hair follicle.
5.Keloid scar
It can be divided into two types: atrophic paralysis scar and hypertrophic paralysis scar. It is formed when the dermal tissue of the local skin is damaged by the wrong treatment or improper handling of acne.
How is acne treated?
Treatment objectives.
1.Inhibit the secretion function of sebaceous glands.
2.To promote the normalization of keratinization in the hair follicle.
3.Control the local inflammatory reaction.
4.Reduce the number of bacteria in the hair follicle.
Internal medicine: 1.
1, vitamins: such as vitamin A, B2, B6, C, E, etc.
2. Tetracycline group.
(1) tetracycline (Tetracycline), the beginning of 1 to 2 weeks 0, 5 ~ 1, 0g per day, divided into 2 to 4 oral, and then changed to 0, 25g per day, once a day, oral.
(2) Dimethylaminotetracycline (minocycline, trade name Memantin), 50mg, 2 times daily, orally.
(3) Trace element therapy: such as zinc sulfate (zinc Sulfate), 0,2g, 2-3 times a day, orally. Zinc sulfate syrup can also be taken.
(4) 13-cis-retinoic acid (isotretinoic acid, roaccutane, trade name skin care), the general dose is 0.5-1mg/(kg, d), divided into meals or after meals. 16 weeks for a course of treatment. It can also be taken as Sanrui capsule, etc.
(5) Corticosteroids: Applicable to severe inflammatory cases. Such as prednisone acetate (prednisone), 10mg, 2 to 3 times daily, orally. Take briefly.
(6) Aminophenone (DDS), can be tried for nodular, cystic, coalescent and other types of acne.
(7) Estrogen therapy: such as ethylene estradiol, etc. However, it is easy to cause endocrine disorders and rebound and other side effects, and should be used with caution.
Topical treatment.
(1) Sulfur and tretinoin preparations: 2% sulfur cold cream, compound sulfur lotion, and seat sore cream are applied externally to the affected area. 2 to 3 times a day.
2.Vitamin preparations: such as 0, 1% Adapalene (trade name Daphne) gel external rubbing once a day; 0, 1% Vitamin cream external application, 1 to 2 times a day.
3, antibiotic preparations: such as 0, 5% chloramphenicol spirit external application, 2 to 3 times a day. Or 1% chloramphenicol cream applied externally, etc.
4, corticosteroids: such as compound Conalax cream, 0, 1% dexamethasone cream applied externally. However, it should be used with caution.
5. Abrasion: Used for the scar left after acne.
What should acne patients pay attention to in their daily lives?
1.Diet
The diet of acne vulgaris should be light, avoid some fried foods, onion, ginger, chili, strong wine, strong vegetables, coffee and other spicy stimulating foods, less sweet and greasy foods, more fruits, vegetables and other vitamin-rich foods.
2.In daily life
Constipation can promote and aggravate acne, so develop good bowel habits and keep your bowels open is conducive to acne receding. Adequate sleep and a stable mood can improve the body’s immunity and promote the improvement and recovery of acne.
3.Clean skin
Reasonable cleaning has an auxiliary effect on the treatment, while the wrong method will aggravate the acne condition, pay attention to washing the face with warm water, and the number of times should not be too diligent. Squeezing by hand is strictly prohibited. Squeezing can cause harmful substances in the skin to enter the surrounding tissues, inducing and aggravating skin damage, especially squeezing the danger triangle may lead to intracranial infection.
4, the choice of cosmetics
Wrong use of cosmetics can lead to “cosmetic acne”. Patients with acne should refrain from using oily cosmetics to avoid clogging of pores. UV rays can aggravate the development of acne, so sunscreen products should be used. At the same time, skin cleansers should be mild, non-irritating, and non-sensitizing. Rich foam has a physical bacterial effect, and cleansers with a similar pH to the skin surface can remove excess sebum and prevent the loss of normal sebum.
Although most patients are plagued by acne, most consider it a normal physiological reaction and do not recognize it as a disease that should receive regular treatment, while some patients have received treatment but could not adhere to it. As a chronic skin disease, acne has a long treatment period, usually taking 3 months to see significant results. There are many treatment methods, which should be determined on an individual basis. It is helpful for patients to recognize the disease early and receive treatment early to reduce the after-effects.