LEEP is a circular excision of the lesioned cervical tissue with an electrosurgical ring using the principle of electrosurgical heat permeation. Translated into Chinese, this is a cervical electrothermal ring loop excision. This procedure can be performed under local anesthesia, and for those who are sensitive to pain, a short period of intravenous anesthesia can be administered. LEEP procedure is generally indicated in the following cases: 1. Cervical precancerous lesions: cervical precancerous lesions (or called high grade cervical lesions, CIN
2-3 including carcinoma in situ) in patients. 2. Patients with cervical polyps with thicker or deeper tips that are not easily removed completely or are estimated to have the possibility of recurrence. 3. Some patients who do not have high-grade cervical lesions but have persistent high-risk HPV infection and are concerned and do not have fertility requirements can also be considered for LEEP surgery. 4. In some patients, TCT suggests high-grade cervical lesions and colposcopy does not match the TCT results, so it is important to think that the lesions may be in the cervical canal and cervical canal scraping or LEEP surgery can be performed to achieve both diagnostic and therapeutic benefits. Before performing the LEEP procedure, the patient should be informed of the following: 1. Do not perform the procedure during or near the onset of menstruation; the best time is between 3 and 7 days after menstruation. 2. If you have pelvic inflammatory disease, cervicitis, vaginitis, bleeding disorders, or a period of internal disease, you need to be treated before performing the procedure. 3. Patients who have been diagnosed with cervical invasive cancer cannot undergo cervical LEEP surgery. 4. For pregnant women, as long as cervical invasive cancer is ruled out, there is no need to rush the operation during pregnancy and LEEP can be performed 6-8 weeks after delivery. 5. Patients with hypertension should undergo surgery after their blood pressure is controlled. 6. Complications of LEEP surgery mainly include bleeding and infection, which generally rarely occur as long as the surgical techniques and indications are mastered. 7. LEEP surgery is not a once-and-for-all treatment method. After the surgery, TCT and HPV should still be tested regularly according to the doctor’s requirements, and some patients need a second surgery. 8. Patients who have undergone LEEP surgery can have the following complications after pregnancy: 11% of preterm births (8% in general), 8% of low birth weight babies (4% in general), 5% of premature rupture of membranes (2% in general).