Thyroid nodules are often recommended for surgery or regular follow-up. Usually, when patients go to the hospital, most hospitals will tell them that malignant nodules require surgery, while for benign nodules, if the nodules are not too large or growing rapidly, the doctor will recommend “regular observation” to monitor the development of the thyroid nodules on a regular basis. As a result, patients are faced with the difficult choice: surgery will bleed and leave scars, which is risky and has many complications; if they do not have surgery, they will have to be “regularly observed” if they only take medication or do not receive treatment. In this process, the nodules are always at risk of deteriorating and becoming cancerous, and patients are extremely passive, unable to escape from the fear and anxiety of thyroid nodules. Patients are generally not advised to operate blindly to remove the nodules because of the risks associated with thyroid surgery: 1. The thyroid gland is located in an abnormally vascularized area and involves many organs, so there is a risk of accidental injury to blood vessels or nerves during surgery, which can have irreversible consequences for the patient. When removing a thyroid nodule, it is inevitable that part of the thyroid gland will be removed, and the larger the nodule, the more thyroid gland will be removed. If the thyroid gland is excised too much, it will lead to post-operative hypothyroidism and the patient will have to take thyroxine for life, which will affect his health. There is another problem that cannot be ignored, which is the high recurrence rate of thyroid nodule surgery. Thyroid nodules appear inseparable from thyroid health, thyroid problems will not be solved by the removal of nodules, the thyroid gland is not effectively treated, and as a result, nodules are like cutting leeks, cutting one crop after another, but also growing more and more powerful. In addition to surgical treatment, endocrine therapy is also administered. It has been found that TSH suppression therapy after thyroid cancer surgery can effectively inhibit the growth and recurrence of thyroid cancer. Iodine 131 treatment for thyroid cancer is also very widely used. Iodine 131 treatment for thyroid cancer requires total surgical excision of the thyroid gland followed by treatment of possible residual thyroid cancer cells and metastatic lesions. Surgical treatment, endocrine treatment plus iodine 131 treatment in nuclear medicine is what we usually call the triumvirate of thyroid cancer treatment. Through such a comprehensive treatment, the recurrence rate of thyroid cancer will be greatly reduced and the survival rate can be further improved.