Agitation is one of the most common behavioral problems in the acute phase after craniocerebral injury, often manifested by inability to sit still, loud crying or verbal abuse, temper tantrums, and hitting. These behaviors may be very distressing to the patient’s family and clinicians unfamiliar with the sequelae of craniocerebral injury, but the presence of these behaviors often signifies recovery of neurological function. When these abnormal behaviors are not very severe or do not pose a risk, non-pharmacological treatment methods should be recommended. Physical restraint is the most commonly used method of restraint and is generally discouraged and used only in agitated patients who may cause self-harm or harm to others. In these cases, somatic restraint is necessary. Behavioral treatments such as environmental changes and distraction may also be used. When environmental and/or behavioral management approaches do not work, pharmacological approaches may be used. There are many studies that support the ability of beta-blockers to improve behavioral agitation after cranial injury, while there is little evidence for treating agitation with tricyclic antidepressants, atypical antipsychotics, stimulants, analgesics, and antiepileptics.