Liver cysts are mostly caused by congenital abnormalities in the development of the bile ducts and, in a small percentage of cases, by trauma or inflammatory infection of the patient. Liver cysts can be classified as parasitic, non-parasitic and congenital, and are a relatively common benign occupational disease of the liver in clinical practice. When liver cysts are small, patients do not have uncomfortable symptoms and generally do not require interventional treatment and regular follow-up is sufficient. If the liver cyst is large and the patient develops symptoms of compression, gastrointestinal symptoms, or is accompanied by intracapsular bleeding, cyst rupture or infection, different treatment options need to be selected according to the condition. Generally, ultrasound-guided interventional treatment, or surgical treatment can be chosen. Surgical procedures are relatively more thorough and have a low recurrence rate.