There are two main types of IOL materials used in cataract surgery, one is rigid and the other is soft. Hard IOLs are the type that are used a lot in poverty alleviation surgery, the advantage is that they are cheap and the material type is PMMA, the disadvantage is that the surgical incision is large, about 6-8mm incision is needed, the surgical incision needs to be sutured, the suture is easy to produce astigmatism of surgical origin, which will affect the recovery of the patient’s vision after surgery. Soft material IOLs, i.e., folded IOLs, are classified as follows: 1. Hydrogel IOLs: The advantage of hydrogel IOLs is that they have better water permeability, but the disadvantage of good water permeability is that they tend to adhere intraocular substances to the surface of the IOLs, and after a long time, these adhered substances will cause the IOLs to slowly become cloudy, which will affect the patient’s post-operative vision. quality. Therefore, this type of IOL is no longer used in clinical practice; 2. Hydrophilic acrylate IOL: The advantage of this type of IOL is that it is very hydrophilic and the material is very soft, so it is easy to fold and not easily damaged during surgery; 3. Hydrophobic acrylate IOL: The material is relatively hard, not easy to fold and easily damaged during the folding process. No matter which type of IOL is used, the correct choice should be made by the doctor based on the patient’s detailed preoperative examination, as well as the economic conditions.