Peripheral hydrocephalus is divided into physiological and pathological. Physiological external hydrocephalus accumulates very little water and the patient can have no symptoms. This is a specific phenomenon within a certain period of growth and development of the child, and does not require special treatment, and can disappear on its own as the child grows older. Pathological external hydrocephalus is usually due to ischemic-hypoxic encephalopathy at birth, which causes hydrocephalus in children. In addition, some children also have external hydrocephalus due to obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid return caused by malformations in the development of cerebral blood vessels. Clinical symptoms vary depending on the amount of hydrocephalus. Some children may have difficulty feeding, headache, vomiting, dizziness, crying, unstable walking, developmental delay, or have ataxia. For severe external hydrocephalus, conservative treatment with symptomatic medications to lower cranial pressure may be an option, but if the hydrocephalus is severe, surgical drainage may be required.