Polycystic kidney patients with hematuria have to take corresponding treatment plans according to different reasons clinically, mainly in the following three aspects: First, polycystic kidney with the increasing volume of cysts will compress the kidney leading to ischemia and hypoxia of kidney tissue, thus causing kidney damage and hematuria, to perform cyst decompression to reduce the pressure of cysts and relieve hematuria. Second, patients with polycystic kidney are prone to form urinary stones, which can cause urinary tract obstruction and urethral injury leading to hematuria, and should be treated with medication for stone removal or extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Third, polycystic kidney patients are prone to urinary system infection and infective hematuria, which should be treated with antibiotics in time.