A small percentage of patients experience postoperative edema after anorectal disease surgery, which causes psychological stress and physical pain. Today we will discuss post-operative edema, what it is all about, how to deal with it and how to avoid it?
What is postoperative edema?
The fluid retention in the local tissue interstitial space of the operative area formed by the local blood and lymphatic circulation disorder and the increase of inflammatory reaction participation after anorectal disease is called postoperative wound edema. Because the perianal skin and subcutaneous tissues are loose and elastic (very stretchable), and are in the lowest position of the trunk, postoperative wound edema is easily produced.
The main manifestations of local edema are: swelling of the wound and its surrounding tissues, as if dried squid or dried bamboo shoots were “soaked” with food alkaline water solution, or even crystal clear, as if the juice of crystal grapes was dripping; gently pressed and rubbed locally will crinkle, and the swelling will subside, but will recover soon afterwards. It is often followed by wound pain, individually or even severe pain, which should be taken seriously.
How to prevent postoperative edema?
1. The surgical operation should be meticulous and standardized, and the operation should be decided flexibly according to the specific situation. For this reason, it is recommended that patients be seen in the anorectal department of a regular hospital.
2. If something comes out of the anus during defecation after surgery, it should be returned in time to prevent embedded edema. If you cannot reset yourself, you should ask the doctor to help reset in time.
3.Treat constipation in a timely manner and avoid prolonged squatting and exertion.
4, removal of diseased tissue and preservation of body tissue should be appropriate.
5.Timely sitz bath and drug change after defecation.
6.Postoperative compression of the wound with tartan gauze.
7.All kinds of instruments should be strictly disinfected to prevent trauma infection.
Measures to reduce edema?
1.Doing anal lifting exercise can reduce wound edema. Specific methods: relax the whole body, clench the thighs hard, with inhalation, tongue licking the palate, while lifting the anus upward, like holding back the stool, after lifting the anus a little closed breath without whistling, and then with whistling, the whole body relaxed. You can also not with the whistle, the
Contraction at will. Whether sitting, lying or standing in various positions, what time, what place, can be carried out. It is best to practice every morning and evening – – times, 30 times each practice, to not feel tired as appropriate.
2, sitz bath massage anal, can reduce or accelerate the elimination of wound edema, because there are many points around the anus. The specific method of operation is: after each drink of stool are required to sit in the bath, while sitting in the bath with a drug solution (such as potassium permanganate solution or five times the soup or bitter ginseng soup solution, etc.) fumigation soak the wound, while holding a round spherical gauze ball (the small towel pinched into a ball can also be) gently upward forcefully press the anus and its surrounding, the direction is clockwise. Generally, massage from the periphery without pain first, gradually approach the wound direction, and finally massage the edges of the wound edema tissue, 5~10 minutes each time.
3.Illuminate the anus and lower abdomen for 10~15 minutes each with far-infrared lamp, TDP divine lamp, Zhoulin spectrum instrument, etc., 2~3 times a day. It can accelerate the elimination of edema.
4.Magnetic therapy: adsorb the foot Sanli, Sanyinjiao, Changqiang, Huiyin, Guangyuan, Qihai and other acupuncture points with Ha Ci Wu Xing needles for 30 minutes 2~3 times a day. It has a pain-relieving and swelling-reducing effect.
Home care
1.Create a harmonious and relaxed family life atmosphere with a beautiful environment: family members should listen carefully to the patient’s painful complaints and comfort them with patient advice, and if necessary, get in touch with the doctor in time to see if there is a need to give professional treatment.
2. Do not allow patients to participate in heavy physical labor, such as carrying water, carrying gas cans, carrying rice upstairs, etc.; do not allow patients to walk long distances. In short, avoid overexertion and fatigue.
3, morning, noon and night, urge patients to exercise in the courtyard or indoors, such as walking, shaking hands, doing anal exercise, playing taijiquan, etc.
4.Prevent cold: coughing after cold can aggravate wound edema and affect wound healing, and can also bow the coughing bouts of impact pain or even bleeding, so be sure to pay more attention.
5, pay attention to dietary hygiene, prevent the occurrence of diarrhea and constipation: do not eat cold, spicy and irritating food, especially unclean and spoiled food should not be eaten to prevent the occurrence of diseases with diarrhea or constipation as the main symptoms, which is beneficial to the prevention and treatment of wound edema. Because once diarrhea, constipation and other diseases, will aggravate the wound edema, and even make the wound open, bleeding, detachment, etc..
6, follow the doctor’s instructions on time to take medication, and pay attention to some special dietary contraindications during the use of medication, such as not eating hairy things, medicine does not drink with tea, milk, fruit juice.
7.If severe constipation occurs and medication is not effective, use 200~300ml of warm saline enema and keep it for 10~15 minutes to soften the stool and then go to defecate. After laxation, ask the patient to drink more honey, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, and drink more water to prevent constipation from happening again.
8, urge the patient to insist on sitz bath for about 10 minutes after each stool according to medical advice, and prepare sitz bath medicine and warm water for them to keep the wound locally clean and dry. Apply topical medication inside the wound after the sitz bath to activate blood and stop bleeding, reduce swelling and pain, and promote wound healing.