Neurological disorders are caused by the patient’s chronic tension and stress, mental excitement and brain fatigue, often accompanied by emotional worries, irritability, sleep disorders, muscle tension pain, etc. These symptoms cannot be attributed to brain and body diseases and other mental diseases, therefore, neurological disorders should be considered for diagnosis only after the completion of relevant tests under the guidance of a professional physician, except for other related organic diseases and mental diseases. The symptoms of neurasthenia patients are complex and varied, so the laboratory tests they undergo cannot be generalized and should be combined with the patient’s symptoms and physical examination. If the patient shows symptoms such as recurrent headache, neck stiffness, low back pain, etc., then head CT, X-ray and other related examinations should be improved; if the patient shows palpitations and chest tightness, then ECG, cardiac ultrasound and other examinations should be improved to exclude heart disease; if the patient shows bloating, belching, indigestion, etc., then gastrointestinal imaging, gastroscopy and other related examinations should be improved to exclude organic lesions of the digestive system, etc. In addition, patients with neurasthenia mostly have reduced mental vitality and emotional disorders, so they should complete professional scales for anxiety and depression under the guidance of a psychiatrist to assess their mental status. In conclusion, neurasthenia is a dysfunctional disease that produces a series of symptoms of abnormal mental vitality and physiological dysfunction due to neurological disorders under the influence of certain physiological and psychological factors.