Disease is something that people don’t want to face but have to face, if it’s just a common minor illness, it’s fine, but if it’s a major illness, it’s even more frightening. Hydrocephalus is a frequent medical condition, which is more common in neurosurgery, and if not treated in a timely manner, it can lead to more serious problems and even life-threatening, so it must be treated as soon as possible. We should all know that there is a certain amount of cerebrospinal fluid in the human cranium, which plays a key role in buffering and protecting the central nervous system, as well as maintaining normal intracranial pressure. Cerebrospinal fluid is always being produced, circulated and refluxed, and the total amount is constant; more or less is not possible. If too much cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the skull, this can cause the patient’s ventricular system to enlarge and the subarachnoid space to expand, which can lead to a variety of neurological symptoms. The problem of hydrocephalus should be taken seriously and treatment is a top priority. However, the treatment plan for hydrocephalus differs from one cause to another. If the hydrocephalus is caused by an infection, anti-infective treatment is necessary, and the presence of other tissue lesions should be closely monitored. If there is excessive cerebrospinal fluid, in addition to lowering the patient’s intracranial pressure, surgical shunting of the cerebrospinal fluid must be performed. Although hydrocephalus shunt surgery is a common neurosurgical procedure, it is still difficult to perform. Some local hospitals, either because of limited medical care or because of inexperienced specialists, etc., result in serious postoperative infections and even blockage of the shunt after surgery. A comprehensive approach to cerebrospinal fluid specialist treatment can effectively avoid postoperative infections, blocked tubes and other complications, and achieve more desirable results.