The nose, called Mingtang in Chinese medicine, is located in the center of the human face and is the guideline for facial diagnosis, so it is also called the king of the face. To a large extent, if the nose is defective, the rest of the face, no matter how perfect, is not called handsome and beautiful. With the progress of social civilization and the acceleration of the pace of life, the incidence of acne is also gradually rising, to the road to take a closer look, hey, there are really a lot of long acne, that is, the face is not teased, the nose is also full of blackheads, so that the face lost a lot of color. Many patients hate the disease and keep squeezing the acne, want to get rid of it, but the acne is always squeezed, pinch the endless, nose but because of daily squeezing, pores significantly enlarged, or because of squeezing infection and pus formation scars, the whole nose is a strawberry nose, people are daunted, the mood is down! So what is the relationship between blackheads and acne, and how are blackheads formed? Are there any good treatments? Do the online blackhead removal tips work? I think this is a great concern for patients. It’s all about androgens. The blackheads we often refer to as acne are the main rash of acne, and in order to understand the formation of blackheads, we must understand the source of blackhead formation – the sebaceous glands. The sebaceous gland is located in the dermis and is an appendage of the skin. It is the body’s sebum manufacturing plant, and sebum is the main component of blackheads. The sebaceous glands are widely distributed throughout the body except for the palms of the hands and feet, with the head, face and back of the chest being the main distribution areas. The two eyebrows to the sides of the nose and the area around the mouth to the jaw are the areas with the most sebaceous glands, which are clinically known as the “T-shaped area”. The secretion of sebaceous glands is controlled by androgens, and sebum secretion is low in early childhood, so children and toddlers generally do not have acne. The increase in androgens during puberty leads to an increase in the sebaceous glands, sebum secretion, and sebum discharge to the skin surface via the hair follicle sebaceous gland duct. Unfortunately, androgens can cause abnormal keratinization and blockage of the sebaceous ducts, resulting in poor sebum drainage. The epithelial cells shed from the hair follicle walls mix with sebum and become tofu-like material, which is blocked in the mouth of the hair follicle, forming acne. Acne is also divided into closed acne and open acne. Closed acne, also known as whitehead acne, is a non-inflammatory acne caused by the swelling of the funnel part of the hair follicle, a white papule with an opening that is difficult to see and does not easily squeeze out the lipid plug. Black-headed pimples are follicular papules with black tips, caused by oxidation of sebum, and squeeze to squeeze the black head and white translucent plugs. Sebum provides the material basis for the growth of normal parasitic bacteria such as Propionibacterium acnes, Malassezia ovalis, and Staphylococcus epidermidis in the hair follicle. Propionibacterium acnes can hydrolyze triglycerides in sebum to produce free fatty acids and some low molecular polypeptides. Free fatty acids can stimulate inflammation of the hair follicle wall and stimulate hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis of the epithelium of the hair follicle sebaceous gland ducts, resulting in blockage of sebum secretion and poor excretion of sebum, resulting in acne. Free fatty acids and these low-molecular peptides can chemotactic neutrophils and other inflammatory cells, and the hydrolytic enzymes produced by the latter can damage or even rupture the hair follicle wall. Therefore, in addition to acne, acne rashes also include inflammatory papules, pustules, nodules, cysts and scars. In addition, fatigue and late nights, depression, alcohol and smoking, cosmetics, chlorinated chemicals, medications and spicy foods can also trigger the formation of blackheads. So, what do blackheads in different areas reflect on the body? Some scientific articles believe that: blackheads on the forehead are the result of problems in the reproductive system, such as menstrual disorders; blackheads on the nose are the result of stomach problems; blackheads on the eyebrows are the result of problems in the cervical spine; blackheads around the nose are the result of emotional depression; blackheads on the chin and in the human body are the result of disorders in the digestive system. This is the result of the endocrine disorder, the androgen secretion, and the abnormal keratinization of the sebaceous glands of the hair follicles. How to treat blackheads At present, there is no specific medicine to treat blackheads on the nose, which means that the treatment effect of blackheads is not ideal. The principle of treatment is to control the androgen level, remove lipids, dissolve keratin, sterilize and anti-inflammatory. 1, general treatment Keep the face and nose clean, wash your face with warm water, sebum secretion, oily patients can wash their faces 3-4 times a day; do not use oily cosmetics; avoid squeezing and scratching acne with your hands to avoid infection and scar formation; avoid spicy stimulating greasy and smoky food, eat less sugar, avoid eating a lot of food containing high iodine, such as kelp, seaweed, etc., eat more fresh vegetables, fruits and vitamin-rich food. Combine work and rest, pay attention to rest, do not stay up late, keep a happy mood, correct constipation; prohibit bromine and iodine drugs. 2, topical drug treatment Light cases can only be treated with topical drugs: (1) retinoic acid: 0.05% isotretinoin gel, once a night, apply a small amount of isotretinoin gel on the affected area, the skin should be cleaned before using the drug, wait for it to dry before using the drug, patients should be told to use the drug for at least 6 to 8 weeks to see the effect. Mild irritation (such as local flushing, flaking, tautness or burning sensation) may occur after application, but may gradually disappear. Please apply with caution. (2) Antibiotics: Topical antibiotic preparations can be applied when nasal blackheads are combined with inflammatory papules and pustules. Clindamycin, erythromycin or chloramphenicol can be formulated into a 1% to 2% alcohol preparation. (3) Benzoyl peroxide: It has the function of dissolving acne and killing Propionibacterium acnes, etc. It can be formulated into 2.5%, 5% and 10% concentrations of lotions, emulsions or gels, and should be used from low concentrations. 5% benzoyl peroxide with 3% erythromycin can improve the efficacy of the gel. (4) Other: 2.5% selenium sulfide lotion, topical Chinese medicine preparation turmeric acne application, Chinese and Western medicine mixed preparation ketamine cryptone cream (sulfonamide allergy is prohibited) (5) Chinese medicine inversion: the party with Yurong San cut (drug composition: white silkworm, mung beans, white lentils, poria, white peony, dahurica, white chrysanthemum, gypsum, ice chips, salt) inversion has certain efficacy, prohibit the black easy to color pentaphyllum Chinese medicine, so as not to blackhead more black. 3, internal drug treatment (1) antibiotics: tetracycline can make the sebum in the free fatty acid concentration decreased, and inhibit propionibacterium acnes and neutrophil chemotaxis. The adult dose is 0.5~1.0g/d, and can be reduced after effective continuous dosing. In addition, doxycycline, minocycline, erythromycin, etc. can also be applied. (2) Retinoic acid: 1 capsule of isotretinoin once a day, taken immediately after meals, can reduce sebum secretion, control abnormal keratinization and blackhead acne formation, and has a certain effect on reducing the formation of blackheads. It is suitable for patients with particularly high sebum secretion. The most common adverse effects are dryness of the skin mucosa, teratogenic effects in women, prohibition of use in women who are pregnant or about to become pregnant, dry eyes, severe osteoporosis, depression, and caution in patients under 18 years of age. Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight and ultraviolet light after taking the drug. (3) Chinese medicine evidence-based treatment: the nose is the part governed by the foot Yangming Stomach meridian, the author mainly adopts meridian evidence-based treatment with certain efficacy, the formula is selected from Ge Gen Scutellaria Tang and Ge Gen Shengma Tang with additional flavor to clear heat and remove dampness. For those with cold intestine, add 6 grams of dry ginger and 15 grams of Atractylodes Macrocephala. Take one dose per day with water decoction for 1 month as a course of treatment. Women suspend taking during menstruation. The internet is full of tricks and tricks, purely hype. At present, there are various ways to remove blackheads on the internet, what with the hot spray plus blackhead export liquid method, sucking blackhead machine method, egg film to blackhead method, baking soda + pure water + cotton sheet + paper towel method, salt and milk method. …… are numerous, people are dazzled and confused, in fact, these In fact, the source of blackheads is the increase in androgenic hormones leading to the secretion of sebaceous glands caused by the source, how to cure blackheads, the surface work done well, the treatment is also to put the cart before the horse. In fact, many patients go to beauty salons to get rid of blackheads, leading to aggravation of the condition is more than one. Unfortunately, there is no effective medicine to cure blackheads, and I am afraid that many patients will have to live with blackheads for the rest of their lives.