Cervical cancer is the second most common malignancy among women worldwide, after breast cancer. According to worldwide statistics in 2000, there are about 500,000 new cases of cervical cancer each year. In China, there are about 150,000 new cases and 80,000 deaths from cervical cancer each year. Studies have shown that there is a clear trend towards younger cervical cancer worldwide, with the proportion of younger women increasing, with the composition ratio rising from 6.48% in the 1970s to 10.93% in the early 1990s and 20.33% in the late 1990s. Cervical cancer is a broadly defined sexually transmitted disease HPV infection is the most important factor leading to cervical cancer, and HPV is closely related to sex, for example, women’s first sexual intercourse less than 18 years old and multiple births are high-risk factors. And men can pass the virus to women through sexual intercourse due to factors such as circumcision and infection with the virus. However, HPV affects men much less than women. HPV infection is found in 20-30% of sexually active women, but it usually resolves on its own within 8-12 months. A few women develop persistent infection, and these women are at high risk of developing cervical cancer. Can early stage cervical cancer be cured? Early detection of cervical cancer has a cure rate of nearly 100%. The course of cervical cancer is divided into hyperplasia, atypical hyperplasia, carcinoma in situ, early invasive carcinoma, and invasive carcinoma. The development from atypical hyperplasia (i.e. precancerous lesion) to carcinoma in situ can take as short as 5 years and as long as 20 years, generally around 10 years. In contrast, most cancers develop very rapidly and can cross over from early to advanced stages in a year or two. If timely and appropriate treatment is provided at the precancerous stage, the cure rate of the disease is almost 100%. Although cervical cancer is highly prevalent worldwide, it leaves a generous time for treatment for the majority of women and is thus considered by doctors as a preventable and curable disease. It is worth mentioning that many women panic when they look at the words “precancerous lesions” in clinical practice. In fact, precancerous lesion is not cancer, it is the intermediate state between benign and malignant cervical lesions and very early stage cancer, so it is lucky to start intervention at this time to eliminate cancer in the budding stage. Early symptoms of cervical cancer “differ between young and old” There is no change in the early stage of cervical malignant lesions, but at a certain stage of development, older women often have irregular vaginal bleeding after menopause, and some of them have leukorrhea, yellow, or blood-like leukorrhea, accompanied by bad odor. Younger women often present with bleeding between periods, after sexual intercourse, and some present with irregular menstruation, shortened or prolonged menstrual cycles, heavy or dripping bleeding. When these symptoms are present, women should not sit idly by and seek immediate medical attention. It is recommended that women should start screening for cervical cancer from the age of 21, and women between the ages of 21 and 29 should have a cytology smear every 3 years. Women aged 30-65 years should be screened for cervical cancer every 5 years, but not more than 5 years. Women over the age of 65 with normal results from regular screening do not need to be screened for cervical cancer, but women diagnosed with precancerous cervical lesions should continue to be screened. It is especially important to remind that if the first sexual intercourse is before the age of 18 and the HPV test is positive, you should be classified as a high-risk group and closely monitored.