ITP is an abbreviation for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, also known as immune thrombocytopenic purpura. It is the most common type of thrombocytopenic disorder in clinical practice. It is mainly a group of bleeding disorders due to immune-mediated excessive platelet destruction, and is characterized by extensive skin and visceral bleeding, thrombocytopenia, impaired maturation of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow, shortened platelet survival time, and the presence of autoantibodies specific to platelet membrane glycoproteins. Clinically, there are acute and chronic forms. The acute form is more common in children, while the chronic form is more common in adults. The cause of the disease is not fully understood, but the common causes may be infectious or immunological. Patients with the acute form have severe bleeding symptoms, while those with the chronic form have milder bleeding symptoms. Bleeding from the skin and mucous membranes, purpura, and petechiae are common. In addition, blood blisters, nosebleeds, and bleeding gums can also form. Treatment is mainly with the application of glucocorticoids.