The common diseases of lumbar spine pain include lumbar disc herniation, lumbar spinal stenosis, ankylosing spondylitis, lumbar spine tuberculosis and so on. 1. Lumbar disc herniation: Lumbar disc herniation is the result of degeneration of the intervertebral disc, and most patients will experience different degrees of lumbar pain. When the herniated intervertebral disc compresses the lumbar nerve root, it can also cause neuropathic pain in the lower limbs, which is manifested as radiating pain in the buttocks, posterior lateral thighs and lateral calves. 2. Lumbar spinal stenosis: lumbar spinal stenosis is also a degenerative disease of the lumbar spine, which is mainly manifested as long-term lumbar pain, followed by radiating pain in one or both lower limbs, and the pain is aggravated by prolonged standing or walking. 3. Ankylosing spondylitis: Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic progressive inflammation of the sacroiliac joints and spinal attachments, mostly starting from the sacroiliac joints, gradually spreading upward to the lumbar spine and even the thoracic spine. Patients mainly manifest lower back pain or lumbosacral discomfort, and in severe cases, it can lead to spinal stiffness or even flexion deformity. 4. Lumbar spine tuberculosis: lumbar spine is the most common site of spinal tuberculosis, mainly manifested as progressive aggravation of lumbar pain, lumbar muscle spasm, etc., and in the later stage of formation of paravertebral abscess can be detected in the iliac fossa or groin and swelling. Patients who suspect lumbar spine disease due to pain in the above areas are advised to go to the hospital as soon as possible to find out the cause of the disease and get targeted treatment.