Intracranial fluid is generally referred to as hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus is a common neurosurgical disorder. Hydrocephalus is not a single disease, but is formed when there is an abnormal secretion, circulation, and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid due to some pathological cause in the central nervous system, resulting in excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the skull. The typical symptoms of hydrocephalus are headache, weakness of the lower limbs, unstable starting or gait, urinary incontinence, ataxia, unresponsiveness, progressive reduction in voluntary verbal and physical activity, and in severe cases, incontinence, progressive dementia, bedriddenness, constipation, blurred vision, edema of the optic nerve papillae, occasional diplopia, vertigo and seizures, etc., which may even be life-threatening. How is this hydrocephalus, commonly known as intracranial effusion, treated? Hydrocephalus is mainly treated by surgery and supplemented by medication. The classic surgical treatment for hydrocephalus is cerebrospinal fluid shunt, which is a ventriculoperitoneal shunt that uses a tube to divert more cerebrospinal fluid from the ventricles to the abdominal cavity to absorb it, in order to achieve a stable balance in the amount of cerebrospinal fluid in the skull. Of course, if the abdominal cavity is not in good condition, ventricothoracic shunts or ventriculoatrial shunts can also be performed. However, with conventional shunt surgery, the incidence of postoperative complications, such as infection and blockage, is high and may vary from hospital to hospital.