Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a malformation caused by abnormal development of the heart vessels during embryonic life and is the most common type of congenital malformation. Severe CHD has also been identified as one of the leading causes of infant and neonatal mortality in China. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of CHD should not be neglected. It is generally believed that during the second and eighth week of embryonic development, any intrinsic or extrinsic factors that affect the development of the embryo and cause a certain part of the heart to stop or develop abnormally can cause various congenital heart malformations. Congenital heart disease can be divided into left-to-right shunt type (latent cyanotic), right-to-left shunt type (cyanotic) and no shunt group (no cyanotic group) according to their pathophysiological characteristics. The diagnosis of CHD is similar to that of common diseases, starting from the medical history, combined with symptoms, signs and corresponding ancillary examinations. The echocardiogram can show the anatomical abnormalities of the heart vessels and the direction of blood shunting, which can be used as a means to confirm the diagnosis of CHD. Once the diagnosis of CHD is confirmed, the first thing we need to do is to evaluate the cardiac function of the child, and if there is a problem with the cardiac function, the heart failure needs to be controlled in order to maintain the good cardiac function status of the child and maintain its good growth and development. The choice of procedure can be based on the type of congenital heart disease of the child. Nowadays, the interventional technique of cardiac catheterization is mature and has many advantages, such as: no incision is needed on the back of the chest, only a needle eye (about 3mm) is left in the groin; because of the small trauma and little pain, it can heal in a few days after the operation without leaving scars; there is no need to open the chest cavity, let alone to cut the heart; there is no need to implement systemic external circulation and deep hypothermia anesthesia during the treatment. The child only needs basic anesthesia without intubation to cooperate, and the older child only needs local anesthesia. In this way, extracorporeal circulation and anesthesia accidents can be avoided, and there is no impact on the brain development of children; blood transfusion is not normally required due to the low bleeding of interventional treatment; interventional treatment has a shorter operation time, fewer days of hospitalization, and faster postoperative recovery. Generally, children can start to drink in about 30 minutes to 1 hour, and they can get out of bed in 20 hours after surgery, and they can be discharged from hospital in 1-3 days, and children with local anesthesia can be completed in the outpatient clinic; at present, the success rate of various interventions is extremely high for children suitable for interventions, and there are few postoperative complications.