Three prophylactic HPV vaccines are available worldwide, namely the bivalent vaccine for HPV16/18, the quadrivalent vaccine for HPV6/11/16/18, and the nine-valent vaccine for HPV6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58. The three HPV vaccines differ in terms of age of vaccination, effectiveness and cross-protection, duration of protection and adverse reactions. 1. Age of vaccination: The bivalent, quadrivalent and nine-valent HPV vaccines are available for ages 9-45, 20-45 and 16-26, respectively. 2. Effectiveness and cross-protection: The HPV vaccine is highly effective in people without HPV infection, and the bivalent and quadrivalent HPV vaccines are highly effective in people without HPV infection. vaccines can protect up to 98.0%-100% against HPV16/18-caused high grade precancerous lesions and cancers of the cervix, and high grade precancerous lesions and cancers of the vagina and vulva. The quadrivalent vaccine also protects against 90%-100% of male penile, perianal and vulvar condyloma caused by HPV6/11. The nine-valent vaccine also prevents 97% of highly pre-cancerous lesions and cancers of the cervical, vulvar and vaginal areas caused by HPV 31/33/45/52/58, in addition to having no worse protection than the quadrivalent vaccine against persistent HPV6/11/16/18 infection and associated lesions. Bivalent and quadrivalent vaccines also provide a degree of cross-protection against other HR-HPV types other than HPV16/18, especially against HPV31/33/45; 3. Duration of protection: The longest follow-up reported for bivalent, quadrivalent and nine-valent vaccines were 9.4, 10 and 5.6 years, respectively, and at the above follow-up time points HPV vaccines (3 doses) were effective against vaccine-associated HPV types infection and the resulting lesions are still immunogenic and effective; 4. Adverse reactions: Most vaccinated subjects had only mild adverse reactions, and serious local or systemic adverse reactions rarely occurred, and serious adverse events possibly related to the vaccine were very rare. The common adverse reactions are mainly local pain, redness and swelling, and fever is the most common systemic adverse reaction. The incidence of local adverse reactions was slightly higher for the nine-valent vaccine compared to the quadrivalent vaccine (90.7% vs. 84.9%), but there was no difference in systemic adverse reactions such as headache, fever, nausea and fatigue. Bivalent and quadrivalent vaccines have a good safety profile, and neither HPV vaccination has been shown to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes (birth defects, stillbirths, spontaneous abortions, etc.).