A. Pediatric hemangioma is generally divided into four types: 1. bright red nevus, also known as wine-colored nevus. It usually appears at birth or soon after birth, and manifests as one or several well-defined light purple, mauve and red plaques; the size varies, not higher than the skin, easy to fade when pressed, and the color deepens when crying, exerting oneself or bathing in the heat. The color deepens when crying, exerting oneself or bathing in heat. It occurs on the forehead, bridge of the nose, back of the neck, back of the occipital scalp and between the eyebrows. Mostly unilateral, occasionally bilateral, sometimes involving the mucous membranes. Almost all nevi occurring on the forehead, bridge of the nose, between the eyebrows and the back of the occipital area can fade away on their own before the age of 2, leaving no traces and requiring no treatment; larger and more extensive nevi often persist for life. The surface of nevus can be rough, wart-like or nodular. Although nevus erythematosus can fade away, but not all of them can fade away by themselves. Deer Hongting, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University 2. Strawberry hemangioma, also known as capillary hemangioma or simple hemangioma. It usually appears about 1 month after birth. It gradually increases with age and grows to the maximum within 1-2 years of age and gradually recedes slowly. At the beginning of the regression, the color becomes darker, with hypopigmentation and light gray spots of different sizes appearing in the center, and gradually expanding. The damage gradually thins and flattens, and eventually becomes completely or mostly atrophic scars. The skin lesions are usually single, round, hemispherical, lobulated or irregularly shaped benign plaques above the surface of the skin. They vary in size from the size of a grain of rice to the size of a strawberry, and in a few cases may even cover one side or the entire limb. The border is clear, the texture is soft, red, purplish red, and the color can fade when pressed. If the damage is extensive, the deep part of the damage or the bottom of capillary hemangioma can sometimes be combined with cavernous hemangioma, and this kind of hemangioma is also called mixed hemangioma. Spongiform hemangioma. It occurs after birth or soon after birth, and there are also cases that develop only after 1 year of age. It grows slowly, preferably occurs in scalp and face, and often involves oral cavity and mucous membrane of pharynx and cheeks; it is round, flat or irregular in shape, and is a soft and elevated swelling of different sizes above the surface of skin, which can be shrunken and elastic after squeezing. This type of hemangioma can occur in internal organs, such as cavernous hemangioma of liver. It can also occur in the intermuscular and interosseous areas as intermuscular cavernous hemangioma. Large cavernous hemangiomas may also be associated with thrombocytopenia and purpura. This type of hemangioma is common in infants and young children. The younger the age, the more frequent the bleeding, and the lower the platelets, the more prone to bleeding. Especially cerebral hemorrhage, respiratory difficulty, secondary infection, etc., which can be life-threatening. Mixed hemangioma. That is to say, two or more types of hemangiomas exist at the same time, and one type of hemangioma is the main manifestation. The treatment method of pediatric hemangioma The treatment of pediatric hemangioma should take comprehensive treatment, and it is not necessary to treat it urgently. In the early stage of most hemangiomas, such as nevus erythematosus, capillary hemangioma and cavernous hemangioma, dynamic observation can be made. That is to say, every 3-6 months to the hospital by a full-time doctor for follow-up, to observe its size, color, thickness changes, in order to decide whether it can wait for self-subsidence. It is generally applicable to pediatric hemangiomas within 2 years of age. Laser treatment is generally suitable for nevus erythematosus. 90sr compresses and P32 injections are suitable for simple capillary hemangiomas and smaller, thinner cavernous hemangiomas. Cryotherapy, especially cotton swab cryotherapy, is most effective in children under 2 years of age with simple capillary hemangiomas. Sclerotherapy is used for smaller spongiform hemangiomas. It is often used as 5% sodium cod liver oil acid solution, abolition of Ningketong A, Debaosong, Pingyangmycin, Choyanshuosong acetate injection, etc. For fast-growing and disfiguring hemangiomas, it can be used as a treatment of sclerotherapy. For the fast growing, disfiguring or large hemangiomas, electrochemotherapy, pingyangmycin injection and early surgical resection can be used. If the scope of excision is too large, local skin dilator or copper wire ligation can be used to block the transportation branch of the surgical method. For large cavernous hemangiomas with thrombocytopenia, oral prednisone is the best treatment. In conclusion, if a child has a hemangioma, there is no need to be anxious or worried, and most of them can be cured by themselves or by conservative treatment. Most of the hemangiomas can be cured by themselves or by conservative treatment. They will not bleed more than once and will not become malignant.