I am concerned about my disease and would like to learn more about it
Consult your doctor at the appropriate time and occasion (surgeons may need to make an appointment in advance because of the thickness of the surgery), trust your medical team fully and as necessary, trust your doctor to design the most reasonable treatment plan for you, and let go of the burden and let’s work together to overcome the disease.
Don’t take the word of anyone other than your specialist, such as “someone who says” that they will not be held responsible for any consequences they may have.
For protective medical reasons, doctors may only give immediate information or instructions to the patient or authorized family members (if privacy is involved, they may only communicate with the patient).
You can also learn about the disease through various means of science and education.
Checking hours of our director
The doctor in charge will check in every day around 8:00 a.m. (7:30 a.m. from May to September), and the chief will check in regularly every week.
The doctor is usually busy with surgery and may not have much contact, so if you are uncomfortable, please talk to the doctor during the morning check-in each day if possible, and the doctor will take care of these issues before the surgery.
I am concerned about the cost
The cost of hospitalization mainly consists of preoperative laboratory tests (to assess the feasibility and tolerability of surgery), preoperative prophylactic medication, charges for surgical anesthesia and expensive instruments needed during surgery, treatment and medication needed for postoperative recovery, costs needed for treatment of other comorbidities and other symptomatic treatment, and also includes costs for postoperative laboratory tests, etc. For details, please check the list.
The better the preoperative and postoperative cooperation, the faster the postoperative recovery, and the more you save on hospitalization costs.
Do you have to do bronchoscopy or gastroscopy.
Endoscopy can detect lesions that cannot be found on imaging and help to develop a reliable surgical approach before surgery.
Endoscopic biopsy helps to clarify the diagnosis preoperatively.
Some peripheral ground glass lesions can be treated without bronchoscopy.
I am concerned about the pain level of examination and treatment
Bronchoscopy, gastroscopy, puncture, and surgery are associated with discomfort such as nausea, pain, and other possible complications, even some of which can be serious.
Based on their knowledge of the disease itself and the procedure, doctors will take measures to minimize the possibility of various complications as much as possible.
I am concerned about the results of my tests and labs.
If there are any abnormal results that affect the patient’s health or treatment, the doctor will communicate with the patient or an authorized family member (if personal privacy is involved, the doctor may communicate with the patient only).
I am concerned about the illness of my fellow patients in the same room and whether it is contagious.
Isolation measures will be taken for contagious diseases.
If there is a possibility of contagion, the health care provider will inform and take appropriate measures.
There is always a chance of nosocomial infection, and the longer the hospital stay, the greater the chance of infection; reducing the length of stay helps reduce the risk of nosocomial infection.
I am concerned about the medications used, and their effects and side effects
However, all drugs have side effects, but the western drugs currently in clinical use meet the national pharmacopoeia specifications, and many have passed the most stringent FDA approval (but even so, many drugs are still under constant observation and research to ensure greater safety), because the indications, side effects and interactions are clear and can help doctors target the selection of drugs for their patients, which are relatively safe instead, but because of individual differences Drug side effects are sometimes unavoidable, and striving for the fastest recovery and reducing medication use is the best way to reduce drug side effects.
Avoid using drugs with unclear toxic effects, even if they are “proven” to be effective by certain texts or people, because these drugs have not been verified by the global testing procedures, and not only are their mechanisms of action and efficacy inaccurate, but toxic side effects are not even detected immediately, and the patients themselves are harmed in the end.
The toxic side effects of many herbal medicines are not yet clear. In order to reduce the uncontrollable risks in the perioperative period, herbal medicines should be stopped 2 weeks before surgery.
Surgery is a major trauma to the human body, and preoperative and postoperative application of immune-enhancing drugs (thymidine alpha 1, self-pay, if needed, you can contact the supervising physician and need to sign the self-pay agreement) can increase resistance; the incidence of postoperative complications and surgical mortality increases when accompanied by malnutrition and immune deficiency.
I am concerned about the schedule on the day of surgery.
If the conditions for surgery are well prepared, the doctor will arrange for early surgery, but the specific time of the surgery day will be arranged by the operating room.
I am concerned about the risks of surgery
There are risks in surgery, just like driving on the road, most of them are very smooth, but in some cases there may be accidents, and even some accidents may affect the safety of life. We can do everything we can to do well: preoperative preparation; preoperative assessment of the safety of the surgery; careful operation, with safety as the primary principle; careful postoperative management; preoperative smoking cessation and exercise, and postoperative cooperation of the patient.
But even if all this is done well enough, there is still no guarantee that there will be no accidents, even if the chances are very small. If the patient and family cannot accept any little risk, please make sure to choose other treatment options than surgery, and please talk to your doctor about it.
I am concerned about the outcome of surgery
In case of malignant tumor, the earlier the detection and treatment, the better the result. If there is a treatment method that is more effective than surgery and at the same time less risky, we will give priority and recommend it before surgery.
If there is a more effective and less risky treatment than surgery, we will prioritize and recommend it before surgery. After radical surgery for early stage cancer, chemotherapy can be avoided.
Things I need to cooperate before and after surgery
Must quit smoking before surgery: smokers have mucosal self-purification disorder, increased secretion, and higher CO concentration, which will decrease arterial oxygen content and predispose to pulmonary atelectasis. Intermittent low-flow oxygen inhalation can be used to increase oxygen reserve if necessary, as well as nebulized inhalation to facilitate the expulsion of postoperative sputum
Pre-operative cardiopulmonary exercise: stair climbing can increase cardiopulmonary reserve, which can reduce the occurrence of post-operative cardiopulmonary complications and lead to faster and better recovery; if stair climbing is not appropriate due to other diseases, walk 1600 meters in 20 minutes, twice a day.
Pathogenic bacteria inhaled by patients into their own oropharyngeal cavity are the main source of infection in postoperative pneumonia, so mouth rinsing should be continued before and after surgery.
Practice effective coughing before surgery and bedside urination and defecation before surgery. Postoperative incisional pain is normal, and when it occurs, the health care provider should be informed promptly so that therapeutic measures can be taken; tolerating pain and refusing analgesic treatment is of no benefit to the patient.
Postoperative pain and other difficulties should be overcome to encourage effective coughing and discharge of airway secretions, while effective coughing and deep breathing exercises after surgery can also help improve intraoperative lung distension insufficiency.
Practice blowing bottles or balloons helps to reopen the lungs
Active and passive lower limb exercises in bed early after surgery and getting out of bed as early as possible can help prevent deep vein thrombosis and can promote lung reopening and discharge of lung secretions.
The water seal bottle should always be kept in a position below the waist when the patient is sitting, and must be at least 30 cm below the bed when lying down; the chest tube can be removed when the lung is well reopened, the chest tube drainage is reduced and there is no gas.
Postoperative hypothermia is the body’s normal defense response to trauma, if there is no special discomfort, do not worry or even premature antipyretic treatment, if really needed, physical cooling is preferred; postoperative antimicrobial agents will be used prophylactically for a short time (in principle, not more than 48 hours, prolonging the use time does not increase the therapeutic effect except increasing the risk of bacterial resistance) to reduce the chance of postoperative lung infection and chest infection, non-bacterial fever caused by the use of antimicrobials when not only ineffective, but also cause the development of drug-resistant bacteria and may lead to flora disorders and related complications.
I have other systemic diseases, how to control
Diabetes mellitus: diet, medication, fasting blood glucose before surgery in the range of 5.6 to 11.1 mmol/L, 24-hour urine sugar less than 10 grams, no ketone bodies, basically can be considered to arrange surgery, and less likely to occur due to complications due to diabetes, generally do not require blood glucose down to completely normal levels to avoid hypoglycemia, hypoglycemia is very dangerous.
Hypertension: control target 140/90 mmHg or less; continuous use of antihypertensive drugs until the time of surgery; discontinuation of betalactone 48 hours before surgery.
Chronic arrhythmias, although not contraindicated for surgery, are still a surgical risk. Frequent ventricular asystole, ventricular or supraventricular tachycardia, and severe bradycardia (<50 bpm) should not be operated on until corrected; temporary pacing should be given to those with high atrioventricular block or pathological sinus node syndrome causing bradycardia.
Acute cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction are stable after six months, when the risk of surgery tends to plateau and is significantly reduced than in the acute phase.
Other medications used: stop clopidogrel 1 week before, warfarin 3 days before, and use low molecular heparin to maintain anticoagulation status instead.
I am concerned about quality of life later in life
Doctors design treatment plans with the patient’s quality of life after treatment in mind, but some destructive surgical procedures do affect future moderate to heavy physical work and strenuous activity, and some procedures require lifestyle changes.
I am concerned about what foods are good for my condition and what foods I cannot eat
It is much better to eat more than less. If there is no eating disorder, a balanced diet is the best way to avoid malnutrition.
Alcohol can affect the metabolism of drugs and may lead to drug toxicity or failure to perform, so it is important to abstain from alcohol during hospitalization, medication administration and for 2 weeks after medication administration
Small amounts of alcohol can increase HDL and have unspecified anti-thrombotic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that can prevent coronary atherosclerosis, but heavy alcohol consumption can lead to fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and can increase the chance of oral squamous and esophageal cancers.
Higher consumption of green, yellow and orange vegetables and fruits containing beta-carotene (except for smokers) may reduce the risk of lung cancer
People with high rates of colorectal cancer consume diets that contain less fiber and more animal protein, fat, and refined carbohydrates.
Hazards of smoking
Smoking is a high risk factor for malignant tumors of the respiratory tract, digestive tract, and bladder.
Smoking is a major risk factor for acute myocardial infarction and death from coronary heart disease; smoking is considered the most important risk factor for atherosclerosis; the most effective way to stop its development is to control its risk factors, and the risk of myocardial infarction decreases to the level of never smokers after ≥2 years of smoking cessation.
Almost all long-term smokers have anatomical emphysema.
Lung examinations should be performed at least once a year in men aged >45 years with a smoking index (number of cigarettes smoked per day × number of years of smoking) >400.